(a) What is farm surveying? (b) (i) List six surveying instruments. (ii) Write short notes on any four surveying instruments listed in (i)
(a) Farm surveying is the process of measuring, mapping, and analyzing land in order to establish boundaries, determine topography, locate structures, and plan for future land use.
(b) (i) Six surveying instruments are:
Theodolite
Total station
GPS receiver
Electronic distance meter
Automatic level
Magnetic compass
(ii) Four surveying instruments and their short notes are:
Theodolite: A theodolite is a precision instrument used for measuring angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes. It consists of a telescope mounted on a tripod that can be rotated 360 degrees horizontally and 180 degrees vertically. The theodolite is used in farm surveying to measure angles and elevations for mapping and construction purposes.
Total station: A total station is an electronic device that combines a theodolite and an electronic distance meter (EDM). It can measure angles and distances to a target with high accuracy and can store the data collected for later analysis. The total station is commonly used in farm surveying to create topographic maps, establish boundaries, and measure distances.
GPS receiver: A GPS receiver is a device that receives signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites to determine the receiver's location. It can provide accurate coordinates and elevations that can be used in farm surveying to create maps, locate structures, and track movement.
Electronic distance meter: An electronic distance meter (EDM) is a device that measures the distance between two points using electronic pulses or laser beams. It is commonly used in farm surveying to measure distances between points and create accurate maps.
These instruments are used in farm surveying to collect accurate data about the land, which can be used to make informed decisions about land use, planning, and development.
Answer Details
(a) Farm surveying is the process of measuring, mapping, and analyzing land in order to establish boundaries, determine topography, locate structures, and plan for future land use.
(b) (i) Six surveying instruments are:
Theodolite
Total station
GPS receiver
Electronic distance meter
Automatic level
Magnetic compass
(ii) Four surveying instruments and their short notes are:
Theodolite: A theodolite is a precision instrument used for measuring angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes. It consists of a telescope mounted on a tripod that can be rotated 360 degrees horizontally and 180 degrees vertically. The theodolite is used in farm surveying to measure angles and elevations for mapping and construction purposes.
Total station: A total station is an electronic device that combines a theodolite and an electronic distance meter (EDM). It can measure angles and distances to a target with high accuracy and can store the data collected for later analysis. The total station is commonly used in farm surveying to create topographic maps, establish boundaries, and measure distances.
GPS receiver: A GPS receiver is a device that receives signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites to determine the receiver's location. It can provide accurate coordinates and elevations that can be used in farm surveying to create maps, locate structures, and track movement.
Electronic distance meter: An electronic distance meter (EDM) is a device that measures the distance between two points using electronic pulses or laser beams. It is commonly used in farm surveying to measure distances between points and create accurate maps.
These instruments are used in farm surveying to collect accurate data about the land, which can be used to make informed decisions about land use, planning, and development.