An object is said to undergo oscillatory motion when it moves

An object undergoes oscillatory motion when it moves to and fro about a fixed point. The motion of the object repeats itself periodically, meaning that it moves back and forth over the same path multiple times. The fixed point is called the equilibrium position, and the maximum distance from the equilibrium position that the object moves is called the amplitude of the oscillation. For example, a pendulum oscillates back and forth about its equilibrium position, which is the vertical hanging position. As it swings, it moves back and forth along the same path, and the distance it moves from the equilibrium position is its amplitude. Oscillatory motion is a common phenomenon in many natural and man-made systems, such as springs, musical instruments, and electric circuits. Understanding oscillatory motion is important in many fields, including physics, engineering, and biology.