All of these are the processes of chemical weathering except

Out of the options provided, the process of chemical weathering that is not included is the "alternating of wet and dry land." Chemical weathering refers to the process by which rock and other materials are broken down and altered through chemical reactions with the environment. The four common types of chemical weathering are solution, oxidation, carbonation, and hydration. Solution occurs when minerals in the rock dissolve in water, resulting in the breakdown of the rock. Oxidation, on the other hand, happens when oxygen reacts with minerals in the rock, causing it to rust and disintegrate. Carbonation occurs when carbon dioxide reacts with minerals, such as limestone, resulting in the formation of new compounds that dissolve easily in water. Finally, hydration occurs when water molecules are added to the minerals in the rock, causing it to expand and crack. In summary, alternating of wet and dry land is not a process of chemical weathering. Instead, it is a physical weathering process known as "wetting and drying," where rocks are repeatedly exposed to wet and dry conditions, leading to the expansion and contraction of the rock, causing it to crack and break down physically.