TEST OF PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE QUESTION Answer all the questions in this section. Study specimen S, T, U, V and Wand answer questions 4 (a) to 4(e). (a) (i) Na...
Study specimen S, T, U, V and Wand answer questions 4 (a) to 4(e).
(a) (i) Name the habitats of each of specimens S, U and W.
(ii) Name the class to which each of specimens S, U and W belong.
(b) State: (i) Four observable similarities between specimens S and U. (ii) five observable differences between specimens S and U.
(c)(i) identify the sex of specimen U. (i) State two reasons for the answer in 4 (c)(i).
(d)State four observable features that adapt specimen S to its habitat.
(e) Construct a food chain using at least three of the given specimens.
(a)(i) Habitats
Specimen S (toad): moist, damp land, under stones and in damp vegetation near freshwater.
Specimen U (agama lizard): on house walls, in cracks, on trees, in gardens and farmland.
Specimen W (locust): on vegetation in grassland, farms and on the leaves of plants.
(a)(ii) Class of each
Specimen S (toad): Amphibia.
Specimen U (lizard): Reptilia.
Specimen W (locust): Insecta.
(b)(i) Four similarities between S and U: both have a head bearing eyes, a wide mouth and nostrils; both have four limbs (two pairs); both possess a tympanic membrane (eardrum); and both have a distinct trunk.
(b)(ii) Five differences between S and U
Specimen S (toad)
Specimen U (lizard)
Skin is warty and moist, without scales
Skin is dry and covered with scales
Tail absent
Tail present
Digits of hind limbs are webbed
Digits are not webbed and end in claws
Neck absent, body short and wide
Neck present, body long and narrow
Poison gland present; no nuchal crest
No poison gland; nuchal crest present
(c)(i) Sex of specimen U: male.
(c)(ii) Two reasons: it is brightly coloured with a red head and blue-black trunk with an orange/blue tail; and it bears a prominent nuchal crest and gular fold, which are features of the male agama.
(d) Four features that adapt specimen S (toad) to its habitat: a poison gland in the warty skin for protection against predators; webbed hind digits for swimming in water; long, muscular hind limbs for jumping and hopping on land; and a cryptic (warty, dull) skin colour for camouflage. The moist skin also aids cutaneous respiration.
(e) Food chain (at least three specimens):
Specimen T (grass) → Specimen W (locust) → Specimen S (toad) → Specimen V (hawk).
An alternative valid chain is: Specimen T (grass) → Specimen W (locust) → Specimen U (lizard).
Specimen S (toad): moist, damp land, under stones and in damp vegetation near freshwater.
Specimen U (agama lizard): on house walls, in cracks, on trees, in gardens and farmland.
Specimen W (locust): on vegetation in grassland, farms and on the leaves of plants.
(a)(ii) Class of each
Specimen S (toad): Amphibia.
Specimen U (lizard): Reptilia.
Specimen W (locust): Insecta.
(b)(i) Four similarities between S and U: both have a head bearing eyes, a wide mouth and nostrils; both have four limbs (two pairs); both possess a tympanic membrane (eardrum); and both have a distinct trunk.
(b)(ii) Five differences between S and U
Specimen S (toad)
Specimen U (lizard)
Skin is warty and moist, without scales
Skin is dry and covered with scales
Tail absent
Tail present
Digits of hind limbs are webbed
Digits are not webbed and end in claws
Neck absent, body short and wide
Neck present, body long and narrow
Poison gland present; no nuchal crest
No poison gland; nuchal crest present
(c)(i) Sex of specimen U: male.
(c)(ii) Two reasons: it is brightly coloured with a red head and blue-black trunk with an orange/blue tail; and it bears a prominent nuchal crest and gular fold, which are features of the male agama.
(d) Four features that adapt specimen S (toad) to its habitat: a poison gland in the warty skin for protection against predators; webbed hind digits for swimming in water; long, muscular hind limbs for jumping and hopping on land; and a cryptic (warty, dull) skin colour for camouflage. The moist skin also aids cutaneous respiration.
(e) Food chain (at least three specimens):
Specimen T (grass) → Specimen W (locust) → Specimen S (toad) → Specimen V (hawk).
An alternative valid chain is: Specimen T (grass) → Specimen W (locust) → Specimen U (lizard).
