The mechanism of opening and closing of stomata in plants is based on

The mechanism of opening and closing of stomata in plants is based on "turgidity and flaccidity." Stomata are small openings on the leaves of plants that allow for gas exchange, such as the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen and water vapor. The opening and closing of stomata is regulated by the guard cells that surround the pore. When the guard cells are filled with water, they become turgid and the stomata open. This allows for gas exchange and also allows for water to escape through transpiration. On the other hand, when the guard cells lose water, they become flaccid and the stomata close. This prevents excessive water loss from the plant during periods of drought or when the plant is under stress. Therefore, the correct answer is "turgidity and flaccidity" because the opening and closing of stomata in plants is based on the water content and pressure of the guard cells, which causes them to become turgid or flaccid and regulate the size of the stomatal pore.