A bank statement shows an overdraft of GH¢190,000. Kofi, a debtor, paid GH¢400,000 into the account. The new bank balance is

An overdraft means the bank balance is negative from the business's point of view: the business owes the bank GH¢190,000. When a debtor pays money directly into the bank account, that receipt reduces the amount owed to the bank.

Treating the overdraft as a negative balance and adding the deposit gives the new position:

Because the result is positive, the account now holds GH¢210,000 in the business's favour rather than being overdrawn. The deposit of GH¢400,000 was large enough not only to clear the GH¢190,000 owed to the bank but to leave a surplus of GH¢210,000 in the account.

A common mistake is to add the two figures together as if both were on the same side (giving GH¢590,000 overdrawn), forgetting that an overdraft is a liability that a deposit first cancels out before any surplus can build up. Always convert the overdraft to a negative figure before combining it with new deposits.