TEST OF PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE QUESTION Study specimens T, V and W carefully and use them to answer questions 4(a) to 4(d) (a) Classify Specimen T,V and W acco...
Study specimens T, V and W carefully and use them to answer questions 4(a) to 4(d)
(a) Classify Specimen T,V and W according to the following criteria: (i) Agricultural classification: (ii) Life cycle.
(b) State two ways in which specimen W is important to human nutrition.
(c) With a scalpel or knife, make a cross Section of specimen T.
(ii) What type of placentation is observed in the cut section of specimen T? Name one example of a fruit with similar placentation as observed in the cut section of specimen T.
Make a drawing 10 cm - 12 cm long of the transverse section and label fully.
(d) Make a transverse section of Specimen V and state: (i) Three Observable differences;
(ii) Three observable similarities; between the transverse section of specimen T and V.
Study specimen Xi and Xii and use them to answer question 4 (e) (i) to 4 (e) (ii)
(e) Carefully remove the bark of specimen Xi to expose the naked part.
(i) State two observable differences between Specimen Xi and Xii.
(ii) If Xi and Xii are planted, what difference will be noticed after a month? State one reason for the answer in 4 (e)(ii)
(a) Classification of specimens T, V and W
Criterion
T (orange)
V (tomato)
W (sweet potato)
Agricultural classification
Fruit crop
Vegetable crop
Root-tuber crop
Life cycle
Perennial
Annual
Biennial
(b) Two ways specimen W (sweet potato) is important to human nutrition: it is a rich source of starch (carbohydrate), which provides energy for the body; and it supplies dietary fibre and vitamins that aid digestion and general health.
(c)(i) & (ii) A cross-section of specimen T (orange) is cut with a scalpel. The placentation observed is axile. A fruit with similar (axile) placentation is the tomato (garden egg or pepper is also acceptable).
(c)(iii) A drawing 10 to 12 cm long of the transverse section of specimen T (orange) is made, labelling the epicarp (rind), the mesocarp, the endocarp with juicy succulent hairs, the central axis, the placenta and the seeds.
(d) Comparison of the transverse sections of T (orange) and V (tomato)
(i) Three differences
Specimen T (orange)
Specimen V (tomato)
Few or no seeds, and seeds are larger
Many seeds present, and seeds are smaller
Epicarp and mesocarp are hard/leathery
Epicarp and mesocarp are soft and juicy
Epicarp is yellowish/greenish
Epicarp is bright red
(ii) Three similarities: both are berries with fused epicarp and mesocarp; both have a succulent endocarp/pulp and contain seeds; and both show axile placentation.
(e)(i) Two observable differences between Xi and Xii
Specimen Xi
Specimen Xii
No node and no axillary bud present
Node with an axillary bud present
Bark/scale leaf absent, exposing pale wood
Bark/scale leaf present on the stem
(e)(ii) After a month, specimen Xii will have sprouted and grown while specimen Xi will fail to germinate and may decay. This is because Xii possesses axillary buds (living meristematic tissue) that develop into new shoots, whereas these buds were removed from Xi, so it has no growing point from which a new shoot can arise.
(b) Two ways specimen W (sweet potato) is important to human nutrition: it is a rich source of starch (carbohydrate), which provides energy for the body; and it supplies dietary fibre and vitamins that aid digestion and general health.
(c)(i) & (ii) A cross-section of specimen T (orange) is cut with a scalpel. The placentation observed is axile. A fruit with similar (axile) placentation is the tomato (garden egg or pepper is also acceptable).
(c)(iii) A drawing 10 to 12 cm long of the transverse section of specimen T (orange) is made, labelling the epicarp (rind), the mesocarp, the endocarp with juicy succulent hairs, the central axis, the placenta and the seeds.
(d) Comparison of the transverse sections of T (orange) and V (tomato)
(i) Three differences
Specimen T (orange)
Specimen V (tomato)
Few or no seeds, and seeds are larger
Many seeds present, and seeds are smaller
Epicarp and mesocarp are hard/leathery
Epicarp and mesocarp are soft and juicy
Epicarp is yellowish/greenish
Epicarp is bright red
(ii) Three similarities: both are berries with fused epicarp and mesocarp; both have a succulent endocarp/pulp and contain seeds; and both show axile placentation.
(e)(i) Two observable differences between Xi and Xii
Specimen Xi
Specimen Xii
No node and no axillary bud present
Node with an axillary bud present
Bark/scale leaf absent, exposing pale wood
Bark/scale leaf present on the stem
(e)(ii) After a month, specimen Xii will have sprouted and grown while specimen Xi will fail to germinate and may decay. This is because Xii possesses axillary buds (living meristematic tissue) that develop into new shoots, whereas these buds were removed from Xi, so it has no growing point from which a new shoot can arise.
