(a) Explain de-concentration of power (b) Outline any five importance of decentralization

Answer Details

(a) De-concentration of power

De-concentration of power is a form of administrative decentralisation in which the central government transfers some duties, functions and officials to its branch or field offices in the regions, states or local areas. However, the central government retains full control and authority over such offices. The officers at the local level carry out the directives of the central authority and are accountable to it; they do not possess independent constitutional powers.

(b) Importance of decentralisation

(i) It brings government nearer to the people and enables government to understand local problems better.

(ii) It ensures quick response to the needs and problems of the local people.

(iii) It reduces the volume of work and pressure on the central government, thereby improving efficiency.

(iv) It encourages wider participation of citizens in government and political affairs.

(v) It mobilises the grassroots for national development.

(vi) It encourages and utilises local initiatives, resources and talents for community development.

(vii) It provides a training ground for future political leaders and administrators.

(viii) It protects the interests of minority groups and communities.

(ix) It promotes healthy competition among the various local or regional units in development.

(x) It promotes balanced development, since each local unit can attend to its own priorities.