The hereditary materials of the cell is the DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). DNA is a complex molecule that carries genetic information that determines the characteristics of living organisms. It is found in the nucleus of cells and also in some organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. DNA is made up of four basic building blocks called nucleotides, and the sequence of these nucleotides carries the genetic code. DNA is responsible for transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next through the process of replication, which occurs before cell division.