If (x + 3) varies directly as y and x = 3 when y = 12, what is the value of x when y = 8?

In a direct variation, two variables are related by a constant ratio. This can be expressed mathematically as: x ∝ y which means that x is directly proportional to y, or that x and y vary directly. We can also write this relationship as an equation: x = ky where k is the constant of proportionality. In this problem, we are given that (x + 3) varies directly as y. So we can write: x + 3 = ky where k is some constant of proportionality that we don't know yet. We are also given that x = 3 when y = 12. We can use this information to solve for k: x + 3 = ky 3 + 3 = k(12) 6 = 12k k = 0.5 Now that we know k, we can use the equation x + 3 = ky to find x when y = 8: x + 3 = ky x + 3 = 0.5(8) x + 3 = 4 x = 1 Therefore, when y = 8, x = 1. The answer is (a) 1.