(a) Differentiate between subsistence farming and commercial farming. (b) State four features of subsistence farming. (c) Outlines two positive and two nega...

Answer Details

a. Subsistence farming and commercial farming are two different types of agriculture, with different goals and methods. Subsistence farming is focused on growing enough food to meet the needs of the farmer's household, with any surplus being sold or traded locally. Commercial farming, on the other hand, is focused on producing crops or livestock for sale on a larger scale, with the goal of making a profit.

b. Four features of subsistence farming include:

1. Small scale: Subsistence farms are typically small, with the farmer and their family being the main labor force.
2. Self-sufficiency: The goal of subsistence farming is to produce enough food to meet the needs of the farmer's household, with minimal reliance on outside resources.
3. Limited use of technology: Subsistence farmers may use simple tools and techniques, and may not have access to modern technologies such as tractors or irrigation systems.
4. Diversified crops and livestock: Subsistence farmers often grow a variety of crops and raise a variety of livestock to ensure food security and minimize risk.

c. Two positive effects of mining on the economy of West African countries are:

1. Revenue generation: Mining can generate significant revenue for West African countries through the sale of minerals, which can be used to fund development projects and improve the standard of living.
2. Job creation: Mining can create jobs in the extractive industry, as well as in related industries such as transportation and construction.

Two negative effects of mining on the economy of West African countries are:

1. Environmental degradation: Mining can cause environmental damage, such as deforestation, soil erosion, and water pollution, which can have long-term impacts on the local ecosystem and the health of the local population.
2. Dependence on extractive industry: Over-reliance on the extractive industry can create a situation in which the economy is highly vulnerable to fluctuations in the global demand for minerals, leading to economic instability and a lack of diversification.