A bye-election is conducted when some vacant seats exist in Parliament. A bye-election is a special election held to fill a seat in Parliament that has become vacant between general elections. The vacancy may arise due to the death, resignation, or disqualification of a sitting Member of Parliament, or in some cases, the expulsion of a Member of Parliament. The bye-election is held in the specific constituency or riding where the vacancy has occurred, and voters in that constituency are given the opportunity to elect a new representative to fill the vacant seat.