Study specimen A (Neck region/neck), B (Chest region/thoracic region/thorax) and C(Upper abdominal region/upper abdomen) and answer questiions 1(a) to 1(c)....
Question 1 Report
Study specimen A (Neck region/neck), B (Chest region/thoracic region/thorax) and C(Upper abdominal region/upper abdomen) and answer questiions 1(a) to 1(c).
(a)(i) Name the part of the body where specimens A, B and C would be found in a mammal. A: _________ B: _________ C: __________
(ii) State one function each of specimens A, B and C. A: ________ B: _________ C: _________
(b)(i) Make a drawing , 6cm to 8cm long of the anterior view of specimen C and label fully. (ii) State one function each of four of the parts labelled in 1(b)(i).
(c)(i) Mention the total number of each of specimens A, B and C in adult humans . A: _________ B: _________ C: _________ (ii) Name two other vertebrae in humans.
Answer Details
(a)(i) Part of the body where each specimen is found in a mammal
| Specimen | Identity | Region of the body |
| A | Cervical vertebra | Neck region |
| B | Thoracic vertebra | Chest / thoracic region |
| C | Lumbar vertebra | Upper abdominal / lower back region |
(a)(ii) One function of each specimen
- A (cervical vertebra): supports the head and provides a passage that protects the spinal cord as it leaves the skull.
- B (thoracic vertebra): articulates with the rib bones and provides a surface for the attachment of chest muscles while protecting the spinal cord.
- C (lumbar vertebra): bears the weight of the body and permits bending and rotation of the trunk.
(b)(i) Drawing of the anterior view of specimen C (lumbar vertebra), fully labelled
(b)(ii) One function of each of four labelled parts
- Neural spine: gives attachment to the back and abdominal muscles.
- Transverse process: gives a surface for the attachment of muscles.
- Neural canal: encloses and houses the spinal cord.
- Centrum (body): bears the weight of the body and provides mechanical support.
(c)(i) Total number of each specimen in adult humans
| Specimen | Total number |
| A (cervical vertebrae) | 7 |
| B (thoracic vertebrae) | 12 |
| C (lumbar vertebrae) | 5 |
(c)(ii) Two other vertebrae in humans: the sacral vertebrae (sacrum) and the coccygeal vertebrae (coccyx / caudal vertebrae).
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