The judiciary controls the executive in federal state through

The judiciary controls the executive in federal states through judicial review. Judicial review is the power of the courts to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches of government and determine whether they are consistent with the constitution and other laws. In a federal system, the constitution and laws allocate specific powers and responsibilities to the federal government and the state governments. The judiciary ensures that these powers are exercised within their constitutional limits by the federal and state governments. For example, if the executive branch of a federal government takes an action that is seen as unconstitutional or exceeds its powers, the courts have the authority to declare the action null and void. The courts can also issue orders to stop or prevent the government from taking similar actions in the future. Judicial review is an important mechanism for ensuring that the government is accountable to the people and operates within the framework of the law. It is a critical check on the power of the executive and legislative branches and helps to maintain the balance of power in a federal system of government.