A non-permanent feature of a state refers to a characteristic that is not always constant and can change over time. Among the options given, the only non-permanent feature is the government. This is because governments can change due to various reasons such as elections, revolutions, or coups.
On the other hand, society, population, and territory are considered permanent features of a state because they are essential elements that define a state's existence and are not likely to change significantly over time. Society refers to the people living in a state and their shared culture and values. Population refers to the total number of individuals living in a state. Territory refers to the geographical area that a state occupies.
In summary, a non-permanent feature of a state is something that can change over time, and among the given options, the only non-permanent feature is the government.