Which of the following is not an effect of over-graing on soil?
Answer Details
Improvement of soil structure is not an effect of over-grazing on soil.
Over-grazing refers to the continuous or excessive grazing of livestock on a particular area of land, beyond its carrying capacity. This can have several negative effects on the soil, including soil compaction, exposure of soil to erosion, and depletion of soil nutrients.
Soil compaction occurs when the soil is compressed, reducing the space between soil particles and making it difficult for air, water, and nutrients to penetrate the soil. Over-grazing can lead to soil compaction due to the trampling of livestock on the soil.
Exposure of soil to erosion occurs when vegetation cover is removed, leaving the soil exposed to the elements. Over-grazing can cause this as it leads to the removal of vegetation by livestock, leaving the soil exposed to the sun, wind, and rain, which can cause erosion.
Depletion of soil nutrients occurs when the soil loses its fertility due to continuous grazing and trampling. Over-grazing can lead to this by removing plant cover, which reduces the amount of organic matter added to the soil through leaf litter and root decay, and also by causing soil compaction, which reduces soil aeration and water infiltration, making it difficult for plants to grow.
In summary, over-grazing has several negative effects on the soil, including soil compaction, exposure of soil to erosion, and depletion of soil nutrients. Improvement of soil structure is not an effect of over-grazing.