(a) Explain each of the following cropping systems: (i) monocropping; (ii) mixed cropping; (iii) mixed farming (iv) crop rotation. (b) A crop farmer observe...

Answer Details

(a) - Monocropping: This is a cropping system in which only one crop is grown on a piece of land at a time. It involves planting the same crop in the same field year after year. This system is efficient for large-scale farming, easy to manage, and allows for the use of large machinery.

- Mixed cropping: This is a cropping system in which two or more crops are grown on the same piece of land at the same time. The crops grown are usually complementary in nature, meaning they do not compete for the same nutrients and other resources. This system is beneficial because it reduces the risk of crop failure due to pests, diseases or adverse weather conditions.

- Mixed farming: This is an agricultural system that combines crop farming with animal husbandry. The farmer grows crops and raises animals on the same piece of land. The crops provide feed for the animals, while the animals provide manure for the crops. This system is beneficial because it allows for the efficient use of resources and provides a diversified source of income for the farmer.

- Crop rotation: This is a cropping system in which different crops are grown on the same piece of land in a specific sequence over a period of time. This system helps to maintain soil fertility, reduce soil erosion, and control pests and diseases. It involves rotating crops with different nutrient requirements and growth patterns, to ensure that the soil remains healthy and productive.

(b) (i) The orange plants are deficient in phosphorus.

(ii) Four inorganic fertilizers that could correct the nutrient deficiency in the orange plants are: triple superphosphate, single superphosphate, diammonium phosphate, and ammonium phosphate. These fertilizers are rich in phosphorus, which is essential for plant growth and development.

(c) Five materials that could be used to attract bees to a new beehive are: sugar syrup, pollen, honey, beeswax, and pheromones. Sugar syrup is used to provide a source of energy for the bees, pollen and honey are used to attract foragers, beeswax is used to provide a familiar scent and pheromones are used to signal the presence of a new hive to other bees.