Scales Of Production
Akopọ
Ask a workshop to make you one chair and it will cut the parts by hand, and the chair will cost more than a week's wages. Ask for five hundred and the same workshop will spend two days making jigs first, then cut all two thousand legs in an afternoon, and each chair will cost a fifth as much. Ask for five hundred thousand and nobody will cut anything: a mould will be made, at a cost that would buy a small house, and after that each chair will cost less than lunch.
Nothing about the chair changed. What changed is how many, and this lesson is about why that single number decides almost everything else. You will learn how products are produced in different volumes and the reasons why different manufacturing methods suit each: prototype, batch, mass and continuous production. You will learn what fixed and variable cost mean, calculate the unit cost at different quantities, and find the break-even point at which one method overtakes another, which is the calculation the specification's own maths column asks for beside this section. This is specialist technical principles content, examined in Section B of Paper 1.
Awọn Afojusun
- How products are produced in different volumes.
- The reasons why different manufacturing methods are used for different production volumes:
- prototype
- batch
- mass
- continuous
- Fixed and variable cost.
Àwòrán ọpọlọ
A ti ṣe àwòrán kókó yìí kí o lè rí bí àwọn èrò ṣe so pọ̀.
Ṣí àwòrán ọpọlọ nínú áàpù
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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Scales Of Production. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- Which scale of production is used to manufacture float glass? A. Batch B. Continuous C. Mass D. Prototype Answer: B
- Which one of the following is a fixed cost? A. The material in each product B. The injection mould C. The packaging for each product D. The electricity used per unit Answer: B
- A tool costs 12,000. Each unit costs 0.60 to make and sells for 2.10. What is the break-even quantity? A. 5,715 units B. 8,000 units C. 12,000 units D. 20,000 units Answer: B
- Jigs and templates are most closely associated with A. batch production. B. continuous production. C. mass production. D. prototype production. Answer: A
- As the quantity produced increases, the fixed cost per unit A. falls. B. rises. C. stays the same. D. rises then falls. Answer: A
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