Geography - 4GE1 PearsonEdexcel

Earthquakes Present A Hazard To Many People And Need To Be Managed Carefully

Akopọ

No country can stop an earthquake. What countries can do is decide how many people it kills. Two tremors of almost identical size can produce a few dozen deaths in one place and tens of thousands in another, and the difference is almost entirely a matter of what was built, planned and rehearsed in the years before the ground moved.

This lesson takes you through the full management cycle: the preparation that happens in advance, the frantic relief effort of the first three days, and the slow reconstruction that follows for a decade afterwards. You will study Japan and Nepal as your paired case studies and learn how to write the comparative answers that Edexcel rewards most heavily.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Preparation for earthquakes (warning and evacuation, building design, remote sensing and GIS)
  2. Short-term responses and relief (emergency aid, shelter and supplies)
  3. Longer-term planning (risk assessment, hazard mapping and rebuilding programmes)
  4. Case studies of hazard management for an earthquake in a developed country and a developing country or an emerging country

Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

When the seabed off north-east Japan ruptured on 11 March 2011, trains across the region were already braking and factory production lines were already stopping before the destructive shaking arrived. Nobody had predicted the earthquake. What Japan had done was build a system that could detect the first faint tremor and get a message out in the seconds before the damaging waves reached the cities. That is what hazard management means in practice: not preventing the event, but shrinking the harm it does.

O wa lori ohun elo Green Bridge

Gba ohun elo Green Bridge CBT sori foonu tabi kọmputa rẹ lati ri awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun, awọn ibeere adaṣe, ati diẹ sii.

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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́

Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Earthquakes Present A Hazard To Many People And Need To Be Managed Carefully. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.

Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. An earthquake early warning system is able to give notice before the strongest shaking arrives because: A) earthquakes are accurately predicted several days ahead B) fast P waves are detected before the slower, more damaging S waves arrive C) satellites photograph the fault as it ruptures D) aftershocks always occur before the main shock Answer: B
  2. Which building feature is designed to allow the ground to move while the structure above stays comparatively still? A) Cross-bracing B) A tuned mass damper C) Base isolation bearings D) A tapered profile Answer: C
  3. The first 72 hours after an earthquake are described as the golden window because: A) international aid usually arrives on the third day B) aftershocks stop after three days C) survival rates for trapped people fall sharply after about this time D) hazard maps are redrawn within three days Answer: C
  4. Which of the following is an example of longer-term planning rather than short-term relief? A) Distributing water purification tablets B) Setting up a field hospital C) Flying in an urban search and rescue team D) Rezoning low coastal land so that housing cannot be rebuilt there Answer: D
  5. In Nepal's post-2015 reconstruction programme, housing grants were released in instalments only after inspection. The main purpose of this was to: A) reduce the total cost of the programme B) ensure rebuilt houses complied with the seismic building code C) speed up delivery in remote mountain districts D) transfer construction work to foreign contractors Answer: B

O wa lori ohun elo Green Bridge

Gba ohun elo Green Bridge CBT sori foonu tabi kọmputa rẹ lati ri awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun, awọn ibeere adaṣe, ati diẹ sii.

Awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun pẹlu awọn aworan apejuwe
Oluranlọwọ ẹkọ ti AI ṣe agbara rẹ
Kọ ẹkọ laisi intanẹẹti, nigbakugba, nibikibi
O wa lori Android, Windows, macOS, ati Linux

O wa lori ohun elo Green Bridge

Gba ohun elo Green Bridge CBT sori foonu tabi kọmputa rẹ lati ri awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun, awọn ibeere adaṣe, ati diẹ sii.

Awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun pẹlu awọn aworan apejuwe
Oluranlọwọ ẹkọ ti AI ṣe agbara rẹ
Kọ ẹkọ laisi intanẹẹti, nigbakugba, nibikibi
O wa lori Android, Windows, macOS, ati Linux

Ṣe Adaṣe Awọn Ibeere Idanwo Adaṣe

Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa Earthquakes Present A Hazard To Many People And Need To Be Managed Carefully? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.

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