Sociology - 0495 CIE

What Are Crime, Deviance And Social Control? Continued

Akopọ

Not all crime looks the same. A street mugging, a company quietly cheating its customers, a fraudster draining bank accounts from another country, a gang fighting over territory: these are all crimes, yet they differ in who commits them, who suffers and how likely they are to ever reach a courtroom. Sociologists sort crime into types so they can ask sharper questions, and they quickly discover something unsettling: the crime we can count is only a fraction of the crime that actually happens.

This lesson maps the main types of crime and then turns to a harder problem: how do we know how much crime there is at all? You will compare the three ways societies measure crime, weigh the strengths and weaknesses of each, and meet the famous dark figure of crime, the huge mass of offending that is never reported or recorded. By the end you will treat every crime statistic with the careful suspicion an examiner rewards.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Violent crime.
  2. Property crime.
  3. White-collar/corporate crime.
  4. Expressive crime.
  5. Instrumental crime.
  6. Gang crime.
  7. Green crime.
  8. Global crime, e.g. organised crime.
  9. Cyber crime.
  10. Hate crime.
  11. Domestic crime.
  12. Measurements of crime: official statistics, self-report studies, victim surveys (local and national).
  13. Strengths and limitations of each measurement of crime.
  14. The problem of unreported and unrecorded crime.

Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Before you can explain why people offend, you need to know what kinds of crime exist and how much of each there really is. Both questions are trickier than they look. Some crimes, such as a burglary, are obvious and often reported; others, such as fraud inside a respected company, are hidden by the very people best placed to commit them. If you simply trust the official figures you will draw the wrong conclusions, because those figures leave out an enormous amount of offending. Mastering the types of crime and the problems of measuring it is the foundation for everything that follows in this section, and examiners reward candidates who can name the right type and who treat statistics with caution.

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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́

Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori What Are Crime, Deviance And Social Control? Continued. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.

Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. A manager secretly takes money from their employer's accounts over several years. This is best described as: A. corporate crime B. white-collar crime C. expressive crime D. green crime Answer: B
  2. Which method of measuring crime asks people, usually anonymously, to admit to offences they have committed? A. Official statistics B. A victim survey C. A self-report study D. A police caution Answer: C
  3. The dark figure of crime refers to: A. crimes committed at night B. crime that is not reported or not recorded C. the number of repeat offenders D. crimes solved by the police Answer: B
  4. Smashing a bus shelter purely for the thrill of it is an example of: A. instrumental crime B. corporate crime C. expressive crime D. white-collar crime Answer: C
  5. Which is the main strength of victim surveys compared with official statistics? A. They cover every crime ever committed B. They reach crime that was never reported to the police C. They are produced by the police D. They never rely on memory Answer: B

O wa lori ohun elo Green Bridge

Gba ohun elo Green Bridge CBT sori foonu tabi kọmputa rẹ lati ri awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun, awọn ibeere adaṣe, ati diẹ sii.

Awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun pẹlu awọn aworan apejuwe
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Kọ ẹkọ laisi intanẹẹti, nigbakugba, nibikibi
O wa lori Android, Windows, macOS, ati Linux

O wa lori ohun elo Green Bridge

Gba ohun elo Green Bridge CBT sori foonu tabi kọmputa rẹ lati ri awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun, awọn ibeere adaṣe, ati diẹ sii.

Awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun pẹlu awọn aworan apejuwe
Oluranlọwọ ẹkọ ti AI ṣe agbara rẹ
Kọ ẹkọ laisi intanẹẹti, nigbakugba, nibikibi
O wa lori Android, Windows, macOS, ati Linux

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Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa What Are Crime, Deviance And Social Control? Continued? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.

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