Human Biology - 4HB1 PearsonEdexcel

Pathogens And Disease Transmission

Akopọ

An outbreak of cholera in a city with poor sanitation, an athlete picking up a fungal infection in a shared changing room, and malaria spreading through a region with stagnant water all look like unrelated problems, but each follows directly from the biology of the organism responsible and the route it uses to reach a new host.

This lesson covers how infectious disease develops in a person, the structure and biology of viruses and bacteria, and the specific transmission, treatment and prevention of six named diseases: Ebola, HIV, cholera, gonorrhoea, athlete's foot, malaria and typhoid, including the roles of the mosquito and housefly as disease vectors.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Understand the general course of a disease as: infection, incubation and symptoms
  2. Know that diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms
  3. Describe the structure and reproduction of viruses
  4. Describe methods of transmission, treatment and prevention of the spread of Ebola and HIV (human immuno-deficiency virus), the virus that causes AIDS
  5. Describe the structure, nutrition and reproduction of bacteria including the interpretation of bacterial growth curves
  6. Investigate the effects of antibacterial agents and antibiotics on the growth of bacterial culture
  7. Know the methods of transmission, treatment and prevention of the spread of cholera and gonorrhoea
  8. Explain the importance of oral rehydration therapy
  9. Know the methods of transmission, treatment and prevention of the spread of athlete's foot
  10. Explain the role of the mosquito (malaria) and housefly (typhoid) in transmitting causative agents of disease
  11. Describe the treatment and prevention of the spread of malaria and typhoid

Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

An infectious disease follows a general course once a pathogen, a microorganism capable of causing disease, enters the body. First is infection: the pathogen establishes itself in the host and begins to multiply. This is followed by an incubation period, the interval during which the pathogen multiplies but the host shows no obvious symptoms, even though they may already be able to pass the infection on. Finally, symptoms appear once the pathogen population, or the toxins and tissue damage it causes, becomes large enough for the body to react visibly.

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Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Pathogens And Disease Transmission. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.

Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. Which stage of a disease occurs when a pathogen is multiplying in the body but no symptoms are yet visible? A) Infection B) Incubation period C) Symptomatic stage D) Recovery Answer: B
  2. Which organism acts as the vector for malaria? A) Housefly B) Anopheles mosquito C) Bacterium D) Fungus Answer: B
  3. What type of pathogen causes athlete's foot? A) Virus B) Bacterium C) Fungus D) Parasite Answer: C
  4. Which phase of bacterial growth shows a constant rate of cell division and a steep rise in numbers? A) Lag phase B) Exponential (log) phase C) Stationary phase D) Death phase Answer: B
  5. Oral rehydration therapy is used mainly to treat the effects of which disease? A) Malaria B) Athlete's foot C) Cholera D) HIV Answer: C

O wa lori ohun elo Green Bridge

Gba ohun elo Green Bridge CBT sori foonu tabi kọmputa rẹ lati ri awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun, awọn ibeere adaṣe, ati diẹ sii.

Awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun pẹlu awọn aworan apejuwe
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O wa lori ohun elo Green Bridge

Gba ohun elo Green Bridge CBT sori foonu tabi kọmputa rẹ lati ri awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun, awọn ibeere adaṣe, ati diẹ sii.

Awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun pẹlu awọn aworan apejuwe
Oluranlọwọ ẹkọ ti AI ṣe agbara rẹ
Kọ ẹkọ laisi intanẹẹti, nigbakugba, nibikibi
O wa lori Android, Windows, macOS, ati Linux

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