Business - 9225 OxfordAQA

Organisational Structures

Akopọ

A driver on a delivery round in Lima finds a customer's gate locked and nobody answering. He has two choices. He can leave the parcel with the neighbour and note it on the sheet, or he can call his supervisor, who calls the depot manager, who checks with the customer service team, who telephone the customer, and by the time an answer comes back the van is nine streets away. Nothing about that difference is a rule of logistics. It is a decision the business made months earlier about who is allowed to decide.

This lesson is about that decision and its consequences. You will learn to read an organisational structure the way an examiner does, counting spans of control and levels in the chain of command rather than admiring the shape. You will work out what changes when a business is tall rather than flat, what delegation actually transfers and what it does not, why delayering saves money and costs something else, and where the line between a centralised and a decentralised business really falls. Two of the four multiple choice questions on the November 2020 Paper 1 came from this single topic, so it is worth more marks than its three objectives suggest.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Organisational structures.
  2. Appropriateness of organisational structures.
  3. Centralisation and decentralisation.

Àwòrán ọpọlọ

A ti ṣe àwòrán kókó yìí kí o lè rí bí àwọn èrò ṣe so pọ̀.

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Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Start with the driver. Whether he is allowed to leave the parcel next door is not a question about parcels. It is a question about how much authority has been pushed down to the person actually standing in front of the problem, and every business answers it, whether or not anyone writes the answer down.

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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́

Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Organisational Structures. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.

Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. A manager has 3 supervisors reporting directly to her. Each supervisor has 8 operatives reporting to them. What is the manager's span of control? A. 3 B. 8 C. 11 D. 24 Answer: A
  2. What term describes an organisational structure where decision-making power is spread out among all levels of the structure? A. Centralised B. Decentralised C. Delayered D. Hierarchical Answer: B
  3. Which one of the following is most likely to happen when a business delayers? A. The chain of command becomes longer B. Spans of control become narrower C. Spans of control become wider D. The number of employees increases Answer: C
  4. Which one of the following can a manager NOT pass to a subordinate when delegating? A. Authority to make a decision B. Accountability for the outcome C. The task itself D. The information needed to do the task Answer: B
  5. Which one of the following is a likely disadvantage of a tall organisational structure? A. Employees are supervised too little B. There are few opportunities for promotion C. Communication between the top and the bottom is slow D. Managers each have too many subordinates Answer: C

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