Exothermic And Endothermic Reactions
Akopọ
Strike a match and it gives out heat; mix the chemicals in a cold pack and they draw heat in. Every chemical reaction involves a change in energy, and whether energy is released or absorbed sorts reactions into two great families: exothermic and endothermic.
In this lesson you will learn what exothermic and endothermic reactions are, how to recognise them from temperature changes, and how energy level diagrams show the energy change. You will also see how breaking and making bonds explains where the energy comes from and goes.
Awọn Afojusun
- State that an exothermic reaction transfers thermal energy to the surroundings leading to an increase in the temperature of the surroundings.
- State that an endothermic reaction takes in thermal energy from the surroundings leading to a decrease in the temperature of the surroundings.
- Interpret reaction pathway diagrams showing exothermic and endothermic reactions.
- [Supplement] State that the transfer of thermal energy during a reaction is called the enthalpy change, ∆H, of the reaction. ∆H is negative for exothermic reactions and positive for endothermic reactions.
- [Supplement] Define activation energy, E , as the minimum a energy that colliding particles must have to react.
- [Supplement] Draw and label reaction pathway diagrams for exothermic and endothermic reactions using information provided, to include: (a) reactants (b) products (c) enthalpy change of the reaction, ∆H (d) activation energy, E a.
- [Supplement] State that bond breaking is an endothermic process and bond making is an exothermic process and explain the enthalpy change of a reaction in terms of bond breaking and bond making.
- [Supplement] Calculate the enthalpy change of a reaction using bond energies.
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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Exothermic And Endothermic Reactions. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- An exothermic reaction is one that: A. Takes in thermal energy B. Transfers thermal energy to the surroundings C. Has no energy change D. Always involves a gas Answer: B
- During an endothermic reaction, the temperature of the surroundings: A. Rises B. Falls C. Stays the same D. Doubles Answer: B
- On an energy level diagram for an exothermic reaction, the products are: A. Higher than the reactants B. Lower than the reactants C. At the same level D. Not shown Answer: B
- Breaking chemical bonds is: A. Exothermic (gives out energy) B. Endothermic (takes in energy) C. Neither D. Always impossible Answer: B
- A reaction where the temperature rises from 18 to 30 degrees Celsius is: A. Endothermic B. Exothermic C. Reversible D. Neutral Answer: B
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Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Enthalpy
State the first law of thermodynamics
"Chemistry: Enthalpy" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/5-3-enthalpy. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds
Describe the energetics of covalent and ionic bond formation and breakage
"Chemistry: Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/7-5-strengths-of-ionic-and-covalent-bonds. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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