Biology - 0610 CIE

Adaptive Features

Akopọ

A cactus storing water in a fat green stem, a water lily with leaves that float, every species carries inherited features that fit it to its surroundings. These adaptive features are the visible result of natural selection, and learning to read them lets you explain how an organism survives where it lives.

In this lesson you will define an adaptive feature, practise describing the adaptations of a species from a picture or description, and (for Extended) explain in detail how xerophytes are adapted to dry conditions and hydrophytes to life in water.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Describe an adaptive feature as an inherited feature that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
  2. Interpret images or other information about a species to describe its adaptive features
  3. [Supplement] Explain the adaptive features of hydrophytes and xerophytes to their environments

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Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Adaptive features connect structure to survival and lead directly into natural selection and evolution. Exam questions often show an unfamiliar organism and ask you to pick out its adaptations and say how each helps, a skill, not a memory test, so the reasoning here is what earns marks.

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Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

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  1. An adaptive feature is best described as: A. a learned behaviour B. an inherited feature that helps an organism survive and reproduce C. a temporary change caused by the environment D. a disease Answer: B
  2. A cactus has leaves reduced to spines mainly to: A. attract insects B. reduce water loss by transpiration C. increase photosynthesis D. store starch Answer: B
  3. A plant adapted to live in very dry conditions is called a: A. hydrophyte B. xerophyte C. saprophyte D. epiphyte Answer: B
  4. Why does a water lily have stomata only on the upper surface of its leaves? A. to reduce photosynthesis B. because the upper surface is in the air for gas exchange C. to store water D. to attract insects Answer: B
  5. Which feature is an adaptation of a hydrophyte? A. thick waxy cuticle B. sunken stomata C. large air spaces in the leaves for buoyancy D. spines instead of leaves Answer: C

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