Air Quality And Climate
Akopọ
The air looks empty, but it is a carefully balanced mixture, mostly nitrogen and oxygen with a little carbon dioxide and the noble gases. Burn fuels, run engines and farm animals, and that balance shifts: pollutants build up, the air over cities turns hazy, and the planet slowly warms.
In this lesson you will learn the composition of clean air, the source and harmful effect of each major air pollutant, and how greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane trap heat to cause global warming and climate change. You will be able to match each pollutant to where it comes from and the damage it does.
Awọn Afojusun
- State the composition of clean, dry air as approximately 78% nitrogen, N₂, 21% oxygen, O₂ and the remainder as a mixture of noble gases and carbon dioxide, CO₂.
- State the source of each of these air pollutants, limited to: (a) carbon dioxide from the complete combustion of carbon-containing fuels (b) carbon monoxide and particulates from the incomplete combustion of carbon- containing fuels (c) m ethane from the decomposition of vegetation and waste gases from digestion in animals (d) oxides of nitrogen from car engines (e) sulfur dioxide from the combustion of fossil fuels which contain sulfur compounds.
- State the adverse effect of these air pollutants, limited to: (a) carbon dioxide: higher levels of carbon dioxide leading to increased global warming, which leads to climate change (b) carbon monoxide: toxic gas (c) particulates: increased risk of respiratory problems and cancer (d) methane: higher levels of methane leading to increased global warming, which leads to climate change (e) oxides of nitrogen: acid rain, photochemical smog and respiratory problems (f) sulfur dioxide: acid rain.
- [Supplement] Describe how the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming, limited to: (a) the absorption, reflection and emission of thermal energy (b) reducing thermal energy loss to space.
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Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Air Quality And Climate. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- Approximately what percentage of clean, dry air is nitrogen? A. 21% B. 50% C. 78% D. 1% Answer: C
- Which pollutant is produced by the incomplete combustion of a carbon-containing fuel? A. Carbon dioxide B. Carbon monoxide C. Sulfur dioxide D. Nitrogen Answer: B
- Which gas is mainly responsible for acid rain from fossil fuels containing sulfur? A. Carbon dioxide B. Methane C. Sulfur dioxide D. Oxygen Answer: C
- Which pair of gases are greenhouse gases that cause global warming? A. Carbon dioxide and methane B. Nitrogen and oxygen C. Carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide D. Argon and neon Answer: A
- What is the main source of oxides of nitrogen as air pollutants? A. Decay of vegetation B. Car engines C. Burning sulfur D. Photosynthesis Answer: B
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