Selection
Akopọ
Why do bacteria stop responding to antibiotics? Why do farm animals and crops look so different from their wild ancestors? The answer to both is selection: in nature the environment does the choosing, while in farming humans do. The same basic mechanism, some individuals leaving more offspring than others, drives both.
In this lesson you will describe natural selection step by step, describe and apply selective breeding to crops and livestock, and (for Extended) define adaptation, explain antibiotic resistance as natural selection in action, and contrast natural with artificial selection.
Awọn Afojusun
- Describe natural selection with reference to: (a) genetic variation within populations (b) production of many offspring (c) s truggle for survival, including competition for resources (d) a greater chance of reproduction by individuals that are better adapted to the environment than others (e) these individuals pass on their alleles to the next generation
- Describe selective breeding with reference to: (a) selection by humans of individuals with desirable features (b) crossing these individuals to produce the next generation (c) selection of offspring showing the desirable features
- Outline how selective breeding by artificial selection is carried out over many generations to improve crop plants and domesticated animals and apply this to given contexts
- [Supplement] Describe adaptation as the process, resulting from natural selection, by which populations become more suited to their environment over many generations
- [Supplement] Describe the development of strains of antibiotic resistant bacteria as an example of natural selection
- [Supplement] Outline the differences between natural and artificial selection
Ẹ̀kọ́ Ohùn
Gbọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ yìí nínú áàpù
Àwòrán ọpọlọ
A ti ṣe àwòrán kókó yìí kí o lè rí bí àwọn èrò ṣe so pọ̀.
Ṣí àwòrán ọpọlọ nínú áàpù
Káàdì ìrántí
Ìdánrawò kíákíá lórí ohun tí wọ́n ń dán wò nínú kókó yìí.
Ṣe ìdánrawò káàdì wọ̀nyí nínú áàpù
Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́
Àkọsílẹ̀ Ẹ̀kọ́ Pípé wà lórí Ohun Èlò Green Bridge
Gba ohun èlò Green Bridge CBT sórí fóònù tàbí kọ̀mpútà rẹ fún gbogbo ilé ìkàwé IGCSE: ìwé ìdánwò àtijọ́, ìlànà ìdíwọ̀n, àwòrán èrò, káàdì ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àti ẹ̀kọ́ ohùn.
Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Selection. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- In natural selection, the individuals most likely to pass on their alleles are those that are: A. the largest B. best adapted to their environment C. born first D. selected by humans Answer: B
- Selective breeding is best described as selection carried out by: A. the environment B. humans C. predators D. chance alone Answer: B
- Antibiotic resistance in bacteria first arises by: A. the antibiotic teaching the bacteria B. a chance mutation C. bacteria choosing to resist D. selective breeding Answer: B
- Which is a disadvantage of selective breeding over many generations? A. it increases variation B. it reduces genetic variation C. it is very fast D. it removes humans from the process Answer: B
- A key difference between natural and artificial selection is that artificial selection is carried out by: A. the environment B. humans C. mutation D. predators Answer: B
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Understanding Evolution
Describe how the present-day theory of evolution was developed
"Biology: Understanding Evolution" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/18-1-understanding-evolution. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Adaptive Evolution
Explain the different ways natural selection can shape populations
"Biology: Adaptive Evolution" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/19-3-adaptive-evolution. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Àwọn àjọ mìíràn ló tẹ̀ wọ́n jáde lábẹ́ ìwé àṣẹ ṣíṣí, a sì dá wọn lọ́lá bí wọ́n ṣe béèrè. Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ń ṣí ojú òpó wọn.
Ṣe Adaṣe Awọn Ibeere Idanwo Adaṣe
Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa Selection? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.
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