Chemistry - 4CH1 PearsonEdexcel

Gases In The Atmosphere

Akopọ

The air you are breathing right now has barely changed its recipe in 200 million years. Around four-fifths is nitrogen, one-fifth is oxygen, and a handful of trace gases make up the rest. Yet one of those trace gases, carbon dioxide, is reshaping the planet's climate at a pace scientists can measure in real time.

In this lesson you will learn the composition of dry air, measure the percentage of oxygen using a practical method, describe the combustion of key elements in oxygen, explore thermal decomposition as a source of carbon dioxide, and understand why rising CO2 levels contribute to climate change through the greenhouse effect.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. know the approximate percentages by volume of the four most abundant gases in dry air
  2. understand how to determine the percentage by volume of oxygen in air using experiments involving the reactions of metals (e.g. iron) and non-metals (e.g. phosphorus) with air
  3. describe the combustion of elements in oxygen, including magnesium, hydrogen and sulfur
  4. describe the formation of carbon dioxide from the thermal decomposition of metal carbonates, including copper(II) carbonate
  5. know that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and that increasing amounts in the atmosphere may contribute to climate change
  6. practical: determine the approximate percentage by volume of oxygen in air using a metal or a non-metal

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Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Climbers on Everest carry bottled oxygen, but the air around them still contains the same proportion of gases as at sea level. The difference is total pressure, not composition. That composition has been remarkably stable for millions of years, and scientists know this because tiny air bubbles trapped in ancient polar ice cores preserve a snapshot of the atmosphere from thousands of years ago.

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Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. What is the approximate percentage of nitrogen in dry air? A) 21% B) 78% C) 0.9% D) 0.04% Answer: B
  2. Which gas turns limewater milky? A) Oxygen B) Nitrogen C) Carbon dioxide D) Hydrogen Answer: C
  3. What is produced when magnesium burns in oxygen? A) Magnesium hydroxide B) Magnesium carbonate C) Magnesium oxide D) Magnesium chloride Answer: C
  4. Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? A) Carbon dioxide B) Methane C) Water vapour D) Nitrogen Answer: D
  5. Thermal decomposition of copper(II) carbonate produces: A) Copper and carbon dioxide B) Copper(II) oxide and carbon dioxide C) Copper(II) oxide and carbon monoxide D) Copper(II) hydroxide and carbon dioxide Answer: B

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