Ideal Gas Molecules
Akopọ
A sealed can of gas looks completely still, yet inside it billions of molecules are hurtling about at hundreds of metres per second, hammering the walls without pause. That relentless bombardment is what we measure as pressure.
In this lesson you will use the moving-particle picture to explain how a gas pushes on its container, meet absolute zero and the kelvin scale, and work out what happens to the pressure of a fixed amount of gas when you squeeze it or heat it.
Awọn Afojusun
- Explain how molecules in a gas have random motion and that they exert a force and hence a pressure on the walls of a container
- Understand why there is an absolute zero of temperature which is -273 degrees Celsius
- Describe the Kelvin scale of temperature and be able to convert between the Kelvin and Celsius scales
- Understand why an increase in temperature results in an increase in the average speed of gas molecules
- Know that the Kelvin temperature of a gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules
- Explain, for a fixed amount of gas, the qualitative relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature, and pressure and Kelvin temperature at constant volume
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Ṣe ìdánrawò káàdì wọ̀nyí nínú áàpù
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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Ideal Gas Molecules. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- Absolute zero is a temperature of: A) 0 degrees C B) -100 degrees C C) -273 degrees C D) 273 degrees C Answer: C
- A temperature of 127 degrees C is equal to: A) 127 K B) 273 K C) 400 K D) -146 K Answer: C
- The pressure of a gas is caused by: A) Molecules expanding when heated B) Molecules colliding with the container walls C) Molecules attracting each other D) The weight of the molecules only Answer: B
- A fixed mass of gas is compressed to half its volume at constant temperature. The pressure: A) Halves B) Stays the same C) Doubles D) Quadruples Answer: C
- The kelvin temperature of a gas is proportional to the: A) Total mass of the molecules B) Volume of the container C) Average kinetic energy of the molecules D) Number of molecules Answer: C
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Temperature and Thermal Energy
Explain that temperature is a measure of internal kinetic energy
"Physics: Temperature and Thermal Energy" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/physics/pages/11-1-temperature-and-thermal-energy. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/physics/pages/1-introduction
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law
Identify the mathematical relationships between the various properties of gases
"Chemistry: Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/9-2-relating-pressure-volume-amount-and-temperature-the-ideal-gas-law. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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