Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering)
Akopọ
For thousands of years, farmers bred plants and animals by selecting the offspring with the most useful traits. Today, scientists can go further: they can take a single gene from one organism and place it directly into another, creating a genetically modified (GM) organism in a matter of days rather than generations.
In this lesson you will learn how restriction enzymes and ligase cut and paste DNA, how vectors carry genes into new cells, and how GM bacteria now manufacture human insulin on an industrial scale. You will also explore how GM crops are designed to improve food production and what it means for an organism to be transgenic.
Awọn Afojusun
- Understand how restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sites and ligase enzymes are used to join pieces of DNA together
- Understand how plasmids and viruses can act as vectors, which take up pieces of DNA, and then insert this recombinant DNA into other cells
- Understand how large amounts of human insulin can be manufactured from genetically modified bacteria
- Understand how genetically modified plants can be used to improve food production
- Understand that the term transgenic means the transfer of genetic material from one species to a different species
Àwòrán ọpọlọ
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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering). Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at a specific base sequence? A) DNA ligase B) Amylase C) Restriction enzyme D) Lipase Answer: C
- A plasmid is best described as: A) A large chromosome found in animal cells B) A small, circular loop of DNA found in bacteria C) A type of restriction enzyme D) A virus that infects plants Answer: B
- What does the term transgenic mean? A) An organism that reproduces asexually B) An organism that contains DNA from a different species C) An organism that has been cloned D) An organism with a mutation Answer: B
- In the production of GM insulin, the role of DNA ligase is to: A) Cut the insulin gene from human DNA B) Join the insulin gene into the bacterial plasmid C) Replicate the bacterial chromosome D) Break down the insulin protein Answer: B
- Which of these is an example of a GM crop? A) A wheat plant grown with fertiliser B) A tomato plant grown in a greenhouse C) Golden Rice enriched with beta-carotene D) A rose bred for larger flowers by selective breeding Answer: C
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
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Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Biotechnology
Describe gel electrophoresis
"Biology: Biotechnology" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/17-1-biotechnology. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Àwọn àjọ mìíràn ló tẹ̀ wọ́n jáde lábẹ́ ìwé àṣẹ ṣíṣí, a sì dá wọn lọ́lá bí wọ́n ṣe béèrè. Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ń ṣí ojú òpó wọn.
Ṣe Adaṣe Awọn Ibeere Idanwo Adaṣe
Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering)? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.
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