Forces, Movement, Shape And Momentum
Akopọ
Every time a footballer strikes a ball, a car brakes at a junction, or a bungee cord stretches under a jumper's weight, forces are at work. This topic brings together the rules that govern how objects move, change shape, and interact, from Newton's celebrated laws to the conservation of momentum that protects passengers in modern vehicles.
You will calculate resultant forces and accelerations, distinguish weight from mass, analyse stopping distances and terminal velocity, explore how springs stretch under load, and apply the momentum equation to collisions and safety design. The topic closes with moments, pivots, and the centre of gravity, completing the mechanics toolkit you need for both Edexcel papers.
Awọn Afojusun
- Describe the effects of forces between bodies such as changes in speed, shape or direction
- Identify different types of force such as gravitational or electrostatic
- Understand how vector quantities differ from scalar quantities
- Understand that force is a vector quantity
- Calculate the resultant force of forces that act along a line
- Know that friction is a force that opposes motion
- Know and use the relationship between unbalanced force, mass and acceleration: force = mass x acceleration, F = m x a
- Know and use the relationship between weight, mass and gravitational field strength: weight = mass x gravitational field strength, W = m x g
- Know that the stopping distance of a vehicle is made up of the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance
- Describe the factors affecting vehicle stopping distance, including speed, mass, road condition and reaction time
- Describe the forces acting on falling objects and explain why falling objects reach a terminal velocity
- Investigate how extension varies with applied force for helical springs, metal wires and rubber bands
- Know that the initial linear region of a force-extension graph is associated with Hooke's law
- Describe elastic behaviour as the ability of a material to recover its original shape after the forces causing deformation have been removed
- Know and use the relationship between momentum, mass and velocity: momentum = mass x velocity, p = m x v
- Use the idea of momentum to explain safety features
- Use the conservation of momentum to calculate the mass, velocity or momentum of objects
- Use the relationship between force, change in momentum and time taken: force = change in momentum / time taken, F = (mv - mu) / t
- Demonstrate an understanding of Newton's third law
- Know and use the relationship between the moment of a force and its perpendicular distance from the pivot: moment = force x perpendicular distance from the pivot
- Know that the weight of a body acts through its centre of gravity
- Use the principle of moments for a simple system of parallel forces acting in one plane
- Understand how the upward forces on a light beam, supported at its ends, vary with the position of a heavy object placed on the beam
Àwòrán ọpọlọ
A ti ṣe àwòrán kókó yìí kí o lè rí bí àwọn èrò ṣe so pọ̀.
Ṣí àwòrán ọpọlọ nínú áàpù
Káàdì ìrántí
Ìdánrawò kíákíá lórí ohun tí wọ́n ń dán wò nínú kókó yìí.
Ṣe ìdánrawò káàdì wọ̀nyí nínú áàpù
Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́
Àkọsílẹ̀ Ẹ̀kọ́ Pípé wà lórí Ohun Èlò Green Bridge
Gba ohun èlò Green Bridge CBT sórí fóònù tàbí kọ̀mpútà rẹ fún gbogbo ilé ìkàwé IGCSE: ìwé ìdánwò àtijọ́, ìlànà ìdíwọ̀n, àwòrán èrò, káàdì ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àti ẹ̀kọ́ ohùn.
Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Forces, Movement, Shape And Momentum. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- A resultant force acts on an object. What will happen to the object? A) It will remain stationary B) It will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force C) It will move at constant velocity D) It will decelerate in all cases Answer: B
- An astronaut has a mass of 80 kg. What is their weight on Earth where g = 10 N/kg? A) 8 N B) 80 N C) 800 N D) 8000 N Answer: C
- Which of the following increases the braking distance of a vehicle? A) Better tyres B) A dry road surface C) A higher speed D) A shorter reaction time Answer: C
- A spring obeys Hooke's law. When a force of 4 N is applied, the extension is 2 cm. What is the extension when 10 N is applied? A) 3 cm B) 5 cm C) 8 cm D) 10 cm Answer: B
- Two ice skaters push apart from rest. What is the total momentum of the two skaters after they separate? A) Greater than before B) Zero C) Equal to the momentum of the heavier skater D) Impossible to determine Answer: B
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
-
Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System
Newton’s second law of motion is closely related to Newton’s first law of motion. It mathematically states the cause and effect relationship between force and changes in motion. Newton’s second law of motion is more quantitative and is used extensively to calculate what happens in situations involvi
"College Physics: Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/4-3-newtons-second-law-of-motion-concept-of-a-system. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/1-introduction
-
Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Normal, Tension, and Other Examples of Forces
Forces are given many names, such as push, pull, thrust, lift, weight, friction, and tension. Traditionally, forces have been grouped into several categories and given names relating to their source, how they are transmitted, or their effects. The most important of these categories are discussed in
"College Physics: Normal, Tension, and Other Examples of Forces" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/4-5-normal-tension-and-other-examples-of-forces. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/1-introduction
Àwọn àjọ mìíràn ló tẹ̀ wọ́n jáde lábẹ́ ìwé àṣẹ ṣíṣí, a sì dá wọn lọ́lá bí wọ́n ṣe béèrè. Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ń ṣí ojú òpó wọn.
Ṣe Adaṣe Awọn Ibeere Idanwo Adaṣe
Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa Forces, Movement, Shape And Momentum? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.
Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo naa lori Google Playstore
Gbogbo ohun ti o nilo lati ṣe dara julọ ninu JAMB, WAEC ati NECO.
