Human Biology - 4HB1 PearsonEdexcel

Diet And Digestion

Akopọ

A teenager, a pregnant woman and a manual labourer sitting down to the same meal do not actually need the same meal. Age, pregnancy, climate and the physical demands of a job all change how much energy and which nutrients a body requires, and getting the balance wrong for long enough produces a recognisable deficiency disease with its own set of symptoms. This topic builds the full picture: what a balanced diet supplies, how the alimentary canal breaks food down into absorbable molecules, and how the small intestine is engineered to get those molecules into the blood as efficiently as possible.

You will also meet the practical side of nutrition that Human Biology students are expected to reason about: calculating and interpreting BMI, linking obesity and high cholesterol to specific diseases, and knowing why hygienic food preparation matters at every stage from the kitchen to the gut. Expect calculation questions, structure-to-function reasoning and at least one question that asks you to identify a deficiency disease from a described set of symptoms.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Explain the importance of a balanced diet including the recommended dietary intake of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre
  2. Understand variations in diet related to age, pregnancy, climate and occupation
  3. Know the sources and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats and oils), vitamins A, C and D, and the mineral ions, calcium and iron
  4. Describe the causes and symptoms of deficiency diseases limited to scurvy (lack of vitamin C), anaemia (lack of iron), blindness (lack of vitamin A) and Kwashiorkor (lack of protein)
  5. Know the structures of the human alimentary canal and describe the functions of the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and pancreas in digestion
  6. Explain how food is moved through the gut by peristalsis including the role of dietary fibre in the process
  7. Understand the role of digestive enzymes including their site of production and action, the digestion of starch to glucose by amylase and maltase, the digestion of proteins to amino acids by proteases (pepsin, trypsin), and the digestion of lipids to fatty acids and glycerol by lipases
  8. Know that bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder and understand the role of bile in neutralising stomach acid and emulsifying lipids
  9. Understand how the structure of the villus helps absorption of the products of digestion in the small intestine
  10. Know the types, structure and functions of teeth, the factors that affect their growth and how to care for teeth and gums
  11. Understand BMI, including the calculation of BMI, and the role of obesity as a risk factor in early onset of diabetes and the significance of high cholesterol levels in atherosclerosis
  12. Explain the importance of hygienic methods of food preparation, cooking, storage and preservation

Àwòrán ọpọlọ

A ti ṣe àwòrán kókó yìí kí o lè rí bí àwọn èrò ṣe so pọ̀.

Ṣí àwòrán ọpọlọ nínú áàpù

Káàdì ìrántí

Ìdánrawò kíákíá lórí ohun tí wọ́n ń dán wò nínú kókó yìí.

Ṣe ìdánrawò káàdì wọ̀nyí nínú áàpù

Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Every cell in the body runs on molecules that ultimately came from food: glucose for respiration, amino acids for building proteins, fatty acids for membranes and energy storage. Getting that supply wrong, in either direction, has consequences that show up as specific, well-documented diseases. This topic covers what a balanced diet actually contains, how the gut converts food into absorbable molecules, and how the small intestine is built to get those molecules into the bloodstream.

Àkọsílẹ̀ Ẹ̀kọ́ Pípé wà lórí Ohun Èlò Green Bridge

Gba ohun èlò Green Bridge CBT sórí fóònù tàbí kọ̀mpútà rẹ fún gbogbo ilé ìkàwé IGCSE: ìwé ìdánwò àtijọ́, ìlànà ìdíwọ̀n, àwòrán èrò, káàdì ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àti ẹ̀kọ́ ohùn.

Awọn akọsilẹ ẹkọ ni kikun pẹlu awọn aworan apejuwe
Oluranlọwọ ẹkọ ti AI ṣe agbara rẹ
Ìdánwò àdáṣe onítọ̀kọ̀ tí a ń ṣàyẹ̀wò lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ tí o bá parí
Gba ohun elo alagbeka Gba ohun elo kọmputa
O wa lori Android, Windows, macOS, ati Linux Áàpù iOS ń bọ̀ láìpẹ́

Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́

Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Diet And Digestion. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.

Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. Which enzyme digests starch to maltose? A) Maltase B) Amylase C) Lipase D) Trypsin Answer: B
  2. A deficiency of iron in the diet causes: A) Scurvy B) Kwashiorkor C) Anaemia D) Night blindness Answer: C
  3. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the: A) Pancreas B) Gall bladder C) Duodenum D) Stomach Answer: B
  4. Which feature of a villus increases the surface area available for absorption? A) The lacteal B) The capillary network C) Microvilli D) The muscle layer Answer: C
  5. A person has a mass of 80 kg and a height of 2.00 m. What is their BMI? A) 16.0 B) 20.0 C) 40.0 D) 160.0 Answer: B

Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà

Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà

Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Human Biology Student Book
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Human Biology Student Book
Atunkọ: First edition
Olùtẹ̀jáde: Pearson Education
Odún: 2018
ISBN: 978-0-435-19152-2
Apejuwe: Endorsed student book covering the full 4HB1 specification with practicals and exam guidance.

Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí

Àwọn àjọ mìíràn ló tẹ̀ wọ́n jáde lábẹ́ ìwé àṣẹ ṣíṣí, a sì dá wọn lọ́lá bí wọ́n ṣe béèrè. Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ń ṣí ojú òpó wọn.

Ṣe Adaṣe Awọn Ibeere Idanwo Adaṣe

Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa Diet And Digestion? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.

Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo naa lori Google Playstore

Gbogbo ohun ti o nilo lati ṣe dara julọ ninu JAMB, WAEC ati NECO.

Green Bridge CBT Mobile App
Asiko ẹkọ AI ti ara ẹni Chat Assistant
Ìbéèrè ìdánwò IGCSE, JAMB, WAEC ati NECO tó ju 200,000 lọ
Fiwọn 1200 Awọn akọsilẹ Ẹkọ ju.
Atilẹyin Aisinipo - Kọ ẹkọ Nigbakugba, Nibi gbogbo
Tẹ̀dí Green Bridge
Àkójọpọ̀ Ìtàn Lítíréṣọ̀ & Ìbéèrè Tó Lè Dáyéé ṣẹ́lẹ̀
Tẹle iṣẹ ṣiṣe rẹ ati ilọsiwaju rẹ.
Àlàyé tí ó jinlẹ̀ fún ìmòye tó jinlẹ̀.