Cloning
Akopọ
In 1996 a single sheep made headlines around the world. Dolly was the first mammal cloned from an adult body cell, proving that a fully differentiated cell still contains all the genetic information needed to build an entire organism. Cloning - producing genetically identical copies - is not just a laboratory curiosity: it underpins a huge plant propagation industry and opens the door to producing human proteins from animal milk.
This topic covers plant cloning through micropropagation (tissue culture), the stages of adult cell cloning as illustrated by Dolly, and the use of cloned transgenic animals to manufacture valuable human proteins. You will explore the advantages, limitations, and ethical questions surrounding each technique.
Awọn Afojusun
- Describe the process of micropropagation (tissue culture) in which explants are grown in vitro
- Understand how micropropagation can be used to produce commercial quantities of genetically identical plants with desirable characteristics
- Describe the stages in the production of cloned mammals involving the introduction of a diploid nucleus from a mature cell into an enucleated egg cell, illustrated by Dolly the sheep
- Understand how cloned transgenic animals can be used to produce human proteins
Àwòrán ọpọlọ
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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Cloning. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- What is an explant in micropropagation? A) A mature plant grown from seed B) A small piece of plant tissue taken from the parent C) A genetically modified seed D) A root cutting from an adult plant Answer: B
- In the cloning of Dolly the sheep, where was the diploid nucleus taken from? A) An egg cell B) A sperm cell C) A body cell of an adult sheep D) An embryonic cell Answer: C
- What triggers the enucleated egg cell to start dividing in adult cell cloning? A) Fertilisation by a sperm B) An electric shock C) Addition of hormones D) Exposure to UV light Answer: B
- Which of the following is a disadvantage of cloning plants? A) The plants grow too quickly B) All plants are genetically identical so equally vulnerable to disease C) The plants cannot photosynthesise D) Cloned plants cannot reproduce Answer: B
- What is pharming? A) Growing crops on fish farms B) Using cloned transgenic animals to produce human proteins in their milk C) Selective breeding of dairy cattle D) Fermenting milk to make yoghurt Answer: B
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Biotechnology
Describe gel electrophoresis
"Biology: Biotechnology" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/17-1-biotechnology. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Àwọn àjọ mìíràn ló tẹ̀ wọ́n jáde lábẹ́ ìwé àṣẹ ṣíṣí, a sì dá wọn lọ́lá bí wọ́n ṣe béèrè. Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ń ṣí ojú òpó wọn.
Ṣe Adaṣe Awọn Ibeere Idanwo Adaṣe
Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa Cloning? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.
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