Redox
Akopọ
When iron rusts, when a fuel burns, when a battery drives your phone, the same hidden bargain is taking place: one substance loses something and another gains it. That bargain is a redox reaction, the simultaneous oxidation and reduction that powers an enormous slice of chemistry, biology and industry.
In this lesson you will learn redox three ways: as the gain and loss of oxygen, as the transfer of electrons, and as a change in oxidation number. You will assign oxidation numbers with Roman numerals, spot oxidising and reducing agents, and read the tell-tale colour changes that prove a redox reaction has happened.
Awọn Afojusun
- Use a Roman numeral to indicate the oxidation number of an element in a compound.
- Define redox reactions as involving simultaneous oxidation and reduction.
- Define oxidation as gain of oxygen and reduction as loss of oxygen.
- Identify redox reactions as reactions involving gain and loss of oxygen.
- Identify oxidation and reduction in redox reactions.
- [Supplement] Define oxidation in terms of: (a) loss of electrons (b) an increase in oxidation number.
- [Supplement] Define reduction in terms of: (a) gain of electrons (b) a decrease in oxidation number.
- [Supplement] Identify redox reactions as reactions involving gain and loss of electrons.
- [Supplement] Identify redox reactions by changes in oxidation number using: (a) the oxidation number of elements in their uncombined state is zero (b) the oxidation number of a monatomic ion is the same as the charge on the ion (c) the sum of the oxidation numbers in a compound is zero (d) the sum of the oxidation numbers in an ion is equal to the charge on the ion.
- [Supplement] Identify redox reactions by the colour changes involved when using acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII) or aqueous potassium iodide.
- [Supplement] Define an oxidising agent as a substance that oxidises another substance and is itself reduced.
- [Supplement] Define a reducing agent as a substance that reduces another substance and is itself oxidised.
- [Supplement] Identify oxidising agents and reducing agents in redox reactions.
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Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Redox. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- Which statement defines oxidation in terms of electrons? A. Gain of electrons B. Loss of electrons C. Gain of protons D. Loss of neutrons Answer: B
- What is the oxidation number of an element in its uncombined state? A. +1 B. -1 C. 0 D. equal to its group number Answer: C
- In the reaction CuO + H2 -> Cu + H2O, the reducing agent is: A. CuO B. H2 C. Cu D. H2O Answer: B
- An oxidising agent is a substance that: A. is itself oxidised B. oxidises another substance and is itself reduced C. loses oxygen only D. gains electrons from no other species Answer: B
- When iodide ions turn acidified potassium iodide from colourless to yellow-brown, the iodide ions are: A. reduced B. oxidised C. unchanged D. acting as an oxidising agent Answer: B
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Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Classifying Chemical Reactions
Define three common types of chemical reactions (precipitation, acid-base, and oxidation-reduction)
"Chemistry: Classifying Chemical Reactions" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/4-2-classifying-chemical-reactions. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Define electrochemistry and a number of important associated terms
"Chemistry: Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/17-1-balancing-oxidation-reduction-reactions. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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