The Nuclear Model Of The Atom
Akopọ
An atom is almost entirely empty space, with nearly all its mass packed into a tiny central nucleus. That surprising picture was forced on physicists by a famous experiment in which a few alpha particles bounced straight back off a thin gold foil, and it is the model we still use today.
In this lesson you will learn the structure of the atom, how ions form, the meaning of proton number and nucleon number, what an isotope is, and how the alpha-scattering experiment supports the nuclear model. You will also meet nuclear fission and fusion, the splitting and joining of nuclei.
Awọn Afojusun
- Describe the structure of an atom in terms of a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons in orbit around the nucleus
- Know how atoms may form positive ions by losing electrons or form negative ions by gaining electrons
- Describe the composition of the nucleus in terms of protons and neutrons
- State the relative charges of protons, neutrons and electrons as +1, 0 and -1 respectively
- Define the terms proton number (atomic number) Z and nucleon number (mass number) A and be able to calculate the number of neutrons in a nucleus
- Explain what is meant by an isotope and state that an element may have more than one isotope
- [Supplement] Describe how the scattering of alpha (α) particles by a sheet of thin metal supports the nuclear model of the atom, by providing evidence for: (a) a very small nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space (b) a nucleus containing most of the mass of the atom (c) a nucleus that is positively charged
- [Supplement] Describe the processes of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion as the splitting or joining of nuclei, to include the nuclide equation and qualitative description of mass and energy changes without values
- [Supplement] Know the relationship between the proton number and the relative charge on a nucleus
- [Supplement] Know the relationship between the nucleon number and the relative mass of a nucleus
Ẹ̀kọ́ Ohùn
Gbọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ yìí nínú áàpù
Àwòrán ọpọlọ
A ti ṣe àwòrán kókó yìí kí o lè rí bí àwọn èrò ṣe so pọ̀.
Ṣí àwòrán ọpọlọ nínú áàpù
Káàdì ìrántí
Ìdánrawò kíákíá lórí ohun tí wọ́n ń dán wò nínú kókó yìí.
Ṣe ìdánrawò káàdì wọ̀nyí nínú áàpù
Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́
Àkọsílẹ̀ Ẹ̀kọ́ Pípé wà lórí Ohun Èlò Green Bridge
Gba ohun èlò Green Bridge CBT sórí fóònù tàbí kọ̀mpútà rẹ fún gbogbo ilé ìkàwé IGCSE: ìwé ìdánwò àtijọ́, ìlànà ìdíwọ̀n, àwòrán èrò, káàdì ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àti ẹ̀kọ́ ohùn.
Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori The Nuclear Model Of The Atom. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- The nucleus of an atom contains: A. protons and electrons B. protons and neutrons C. neutrons and electrons D. electrons only Answer: B
- An atom has A = 23 and Z = 11. Its number of neutrons is: A. 11 B. 12 C. 23 D. 34 Answer: B
- Isotopes of an element have the same number of: A. neutrons B. nucleons C. protons D. nothing Answer: C
- In alpha scattering, most alpha particles pass straight through the foil because: A. the atom is mostly empty space B. the nucleus is large C. atoms have no charge D. the foil is thick Answer: A
- An atom becomes a positive ion when it: A. gains electrons B. loses electrons C. gains protons D. loses neutrons Answer: B
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
-
Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Substructure of the Nucleus
What is inside the nucleus? Why are some nuclei stable while others decay? (See Figure 31.12 .) Why are there different types of decay ( α α size 12{α} {} , β β size 12{β} {} and γ γ size 12{γ} {} )? Why are nuclear decay energies so large? Pursuing natural questions like these has led to far more f
"College Physics: Substructure of the Nucleus" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/31-3-substructure-of-the-nucleus. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/1-introduction
-
Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Discovery of the Parts of the Atom: Electrons and Nuclei
Just as atoms are a substructure of matter, electrons and nuclei are substructures of the atom. The experiments that were used to discover electrons and nuclei reveal some of the basic properties of atoms and can be readily understood using ideas such as electrostatic and magnetic force, already cov
"College Physics: Discovery of the Parts of the Atom: Electrons and Nuclei" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/30-2-discovery-of-the-parts-of-the-atom-electrons-and-nuclei. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/1-introduction
Àwọn àjọ mìíràn ló tẹ̀ wọ́n jáde lábẹ́ ìwé àṣẹ ṣíṣí, a sì dá wọn lọ́lá bí wọ́n ṣe béèrè. Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ń ṣí ojú òpó wọn.
Ṣe Adaṣe Awọn Ibeere Idanwo Adaṣe
Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa The Nuclear Model Of The Atom? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.
Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo naa lori Google Playstore
Gbogbo ohun ti o nilo lati ṣe dara julọ ninu JAMB, WAEC ati NECO.
