Commerce JAMB

Financing Business

Akopọ

Welcome to the course material overview for 'Financing Business' in the field of Commerce. This topic delves into the fundamental aspect of securing financial resources to support the operations and growth of a business entity. Understanding the various sources of finance and types of capital is crucial for the successful management of financial aspects in a business.

One of the primary objectives of this course material is to identify the various ways of financing a business. Businesses have access to multiple sources of finance, including personal savings, sale of shares and bonds, loans, debentures, mortgages, bank overdrafts, ploughing back of profits, credit purchases, and leasing. The diverse range of finance options allows businesses to choose the most suitable based on their needs and financial capabilities.

Furthermore, the course material will elaborate on discussing the different types of capital that are essential for business operations. These include share capital, authorized capital, issued capital, working capital, and owner's equity. Understanding the distinctions between these types of capital is paramount for effective financial management within a business organization.

As part of the learning objectives, students will learn to compute the different forms of capital, profits, and turnover. Calculating these financial metrics is vital for assessing the financial health and performance of a business. Profits, both gross and net, play a significant role in determining the success and sustainability of a business entity.

An integral aspect of this course material is to appraise the problems associated with sourcing finances for business. Businesses often face challenges in securing adequate financial resources, such as high-interest rates on loans, lack of collateral, or strict borrowing requirements. By understanding these obstacles, business managers can proactively address financial issues and seek viable solutions.

Lastly, the course material will assess the role of Bureau de change in an economy. Bureau de change entities play a crucial role in facilitating foreign exchange transactions, especially in economies with international trade activities. Understanding their functions and impact on the economy is vital for comprehending the broader financial landscape.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Identify the Various Ways of Financing a Business
  2. Discuss the Different Types of Capital
  3. Compute the Different Forms of Capital, Profits, and Turnover
  4. Appraise the Problems Associated with Sourcing Finances for Business
  5. Assess the Role of Bureau de Change in an Economy

Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Ko si ni lọwọlọwọ

Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́

Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Financing Business. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.

Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. What are personal savings, sale of shares and bonds, loans, debentures, mortgage, bank overdraft, ploughing back of profit, credit purchase, and leasing considered as in business finance? A. Sources of finance B. Types of capital C. Factors influencing business decisions D. Methods of market research Answer: A. Sources of finance
  2. What type of capital represents the nominal value of shares that a company is authorized to issue according to its registration or constitutional documents? A. Issued capital B. Called up capital C. Owned capital D. Authorized capital Answer: D. Authorized capital
  3. Which of the following is NOT considered as a source of finance for a business? A. Personal savings B. Selling company's products C. Bank loans D. Ploughing back of profits Answer: B. Selling company's products
  4. Working capital is essential in business operations because it helps to: A. Generate long-term profits B. Increase company ownership C. Facilitate day-to-day business activities D. Expand the company's market presence Answer: C. Facilitate day-to-day business activities
  5. What is the main objective of determining the choice of occupation in business? A. Maximizing profits B. Fulfilling societal needs C. Minimizing competition D. Expanding business operations Answer: B. Fulfilling societal needs

Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran

Business Finance Basics
Business Finance Basics
Atunkọ: Managing Finance for Small Business
Oriṣi: BUSINESS
Olùtẹ̀jáde: Wiley
Odún: 2020
ISBN: 978-1119685336
Apejuwe: A comprehensive guide on managing finances for small businesses
Fundamentals of Corporate Finance
Fundamentals of Corporate Finance
Atunkọ: An Introduction to Financial Markets
Oriṣi: ECONOMICS
Olùtẹ̀jáde: Pearson
Odún: 2018
ISBN: 978-1292235481
Apejuwe: An introductory book on financial markets and corporate finance

Ibeere Atunyewo

Ṣe o n ronu ohun ti awọn ibeere atijọ fun koko-ọrọ yii dabi? Eyi ni nọmba awọn ibeere nipa Financing Business lati awọn ọdun ti o kọja.

WAEC SSCE - Commerce - 2022

Ibeere 1 Ìròyìn

(a) List Four sources of credit available to a sole trader. (b) Explain the following credit instruments: (i) acceptance credit; (ii) luncheon voucher; (iii) bill of exchange. (c) State two advantages and three disadvantages of hire purchase to the seller.
Awọn alaye Idahun
(a) Four sources of credit available to a sole trader are: 1. Trade credit: This is the credit extended by suppliers to the sole trader to purchase goods or services on credit, with a specified period to pay back the debt. 2. Bank loans: This involves borrowing money from banks to finance the business activities of the sole trader, with an agreement to repay the loan with interest over a specified period. 3. Personal savings: This involves using personal savings to finance the business activities of the sole trader, without incurring any interest charges. 4. Crowdfunding: This involves raising funds for the business activities of the sole trader from a large number of people through an online platform. (b) Explanation of credit instruments: (i) Acceptance credit: This is a type of credit where the seller draws a bill of exchange on the buyer, who accepts the bill by signing it. The buyer is then allowed to defer payment until the maturity of the bill, while the seller can discount the bill with the bank to obtain immediate payment at a reduced amount. (ii) Luncheon voucher: This is a type of credit instrument used to provide employees with subsidized meals during lunchtime. The vouchers are typically issued by the employer and can be redeemed at designated restaurants or canteens. (iii) Bill of exchange: This is a written document that orders the debtor to pay a certain amount of money to the creditor at a specified future date. It is a widely used instrument for financing trade transactions. (c) Advantages and disadvantages of hire purchase to the seller: Advantages: 1. It enables the seller to sell high-value items to customers who cannot afford to make full payment at once, thus increasing sales volume. 2. It provides a regular stream of income for the seller over the hire purchase period. Disadvantages: 1. The seller is exposed to credit risk, as there is a possibility that the buyer may default on payment. 2. The seller may incur administrative costs in managing the hire purchase agreement. 3. The seller may not receive the full value of the goods sold, as the interest charged on the hire purchase may reduce the overall revenue earned.
Wo Idahun
NECO SSCE - Commerce - 2009

Ibeere 1 Ìròyìn

Sole proprietors finance their businesses through
Wo Idahun
JAMB UTME - Commerce - 2024

Ibeere 1 Ìròyìn

Which of the following types of insurance is usually excluded from the principle of indemnity?
Awọn alaye Idahun

The principle of indemnity in insurance states that an insured should not profit from a loss but rather be restored to their financial position prior to the loss. This principle is applied to prevent the insured from benefiting financially from an insurance claim.


Among the options provided, Life Insurance is usually excluded from the principle of indemnity. In the case of life insurance, it is not possible to quantify the loss of life in monetary terms and therefore indemnification in its traditional sense does not apply. Instead, life insurance works on a principle of paying out a specified sum when the insured event (death or specified incident) happens.


Other types of insurance like Fire, Fidelity Guarantee, and Marine are indemnity-based, meaning the payout aims to cover the actual financial loss. For example, if a fire damages property, the insurance payout is based on the value of the property destroyed. Similarly, fidelity guarantee insurance covers loss due to employee dishonesty, and marine insurance compensates for damage or loss of goods during transit. Therefore, these fall under the principle of indemnity.


In summary, life insurance is excluded from the principle of indemnity because it deals with the incalculable loss of a life by providing a predetermined benefit rather than a directly quantifiable financial covering of loss.

Wo Idahun