Further Pure Mathematics - 4PM1 PearsonEdexcel

Vector Operations

Akopọ

Vectors give mathematics a way to handle quantities that have both size and direction. From displacements on a map to forces acting on a structure, the ability to add, subtract and scale vectors is essential across science and engineering. This topic equips you with the core operations that underpin every vector calculation in the 4PM1 specification.

You will learn to work with column vectors and unit-vector notation, combine vectors by addition and subtraction, multiply by scalars, and apply the key result that equal non-parallel vectors have equal corresponding components. Every technique is practised with graded worked examples that mirror the style Edexcel examiners use.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Add and subtract coplanar vectors
  2. Multiply a vector by a scalar
  3. Use the result that if two non-parallel vectors are equal then corresponding components are equal

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Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

A number tells you how much, but not which way. When a pilot needs a heading, when a physicist resolves a force, or when a game engine moves a character across a screen, direction matters as much as magnitude. Vectors capture both pieces of information in one compact object, and the operations you learn here let you combine them as fluently as ordinary numbers.

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  1. What is the magnitude of the vector (3, -4)? A) 7 B) 5 C) 1 D) 25 Answer: B
  2. If a = (2, 5) and b = (-1, 3), what is a + b? A) (1, 8) B) (3, 2) C) (-3, -8) D) (1, 2) Answer: A
  3. Which of the following is a scalar quantity? A) Velocity B) Displacement C) Force D) Temperature Answer: D
  4. If vector p = 2i - 3j, what is -3p? A) -6i + 9j B) 6i - 9j C) -6i - 9j D) 6i + 9j Answer: A
  5. Two non-parallel vectors a and b satisfy (k+1)a + 3b = 5a + 3b. What is k? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 Answer: B

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