Energetics
Akopọ
Some reactions release heat and warm their surroundings; others absorb heat and feel cold to the touch. Understanding the energy changes in chemical reactions is essential for everything from choosing fuels to designing hand warmers.
In this lesson you will learn the difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions, how to measure energy changes using simple calorimetry, and how to calculate heat energy using Q = mc delta T.
Awọn Afojusun
- Know that chemical reactions in which heat energy is given out are described as exothermic, and those in which heat energy is taken in are described as endothermic
- Describe simple calorimetry experiments for reactions such as combustion, displacement, dissolving and neutralisation
- Calculate the heat energy change from a measured temperature change using the expression Q = mcDeltaT
- Investigate temperature changes accompanying salts dissolving in water, neutralisation reactions, displacement reactions and combustion reactions
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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Energetics. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- An exothermic reaction: A) Absorbs heat B) Releases heat C) Has no energy change D) Always involves combustion Answer: B
- The specific heat capacity of water is: A) 4.2 J/g/degrees C B) 42 J/g/degrees C C) 0.42 J/g/degrees C D) 420 J/g/degrees C Answer: A
- Which of these is an endothermic process? A) Combustion of methane B) Neutralisation C) Thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate D) Rusting of iron Answer: C
- In a calorimetry experiment, the temperature of 100 g of water rises by 10 degrees C. The energy transferred is: A) 420 J B) 1000 J C) 4200 J D) 42000 J Answer: C
- A cold pack works because the reaction inside is: A) Exothermic B) Endothermic C) Neutral D) Reversible Answer: B
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìbéèrè wọ̀nyí nínú ohun èlò náà
Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ẹ̀kọ́ síwájú láti àwọn orísun ṣíṣí
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Energy Basics
Define energy, distinguish types of energy, and describe the nature of energy changes that accompany chemical and physical changes
"Chemistry: Energy Basics" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/5-1-energy-basics. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Enthalpy
State the first law of thermodynamics
"Chemistry: Enthalpy" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/5-3-enthalpy. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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