Mathematics - 0580 CIE

Types Of Number

Akopọ

Before you can calculate confidently, it helps to know the family every number belongs to. Is it prime? A square? Rational or irrational? These labels are not just vocabulary: they tell you how a number behaves and which tools to reach for, from finding a highest common factor to simplifying a surd.

In this lesson you will sort numbers into their types, work with factors and multiples (including the highest common factor and lowest common multiple), tell rational and irrational numbers apart, and find reciprocals. This foundation underpins fractions, indices, surds and much of the number work in the rest of the course.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. Identify and use: natural numbers integers (positive, zero and negative) prime numbers square numbers cube numbers common factors common multiples rational and irrational numbers reciprocals.

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Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Recognising number types is the quiet skill behind a lot of marks: knowing that a number is prime helps you factorise, knowing two numbers' common factors lets you simplify, and knowing a number is irrational tells you to leave it as an exact surd rather than rounding. It is the vocabulary the rest of number work is written in.

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  1. Which of these is a prime number? A. 1 B. 9 C. 21 D. 23 Answer: D
  2. What is the highest common factor (HCF) of 24 and 36? A. 6 B. 12 C. 18 D. 72 Answer: B
  3. What is the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 24 and 36? A. 12 B. 72 C. 144 D. 864 Answer: B
  4. Which of these numbers is irrational? A. 0.75 B. 1/3 C. √2 D. -5 Answer: C
  5. What is the reciprocal of 3/4? A. 3/4 B. 4/3 C. -3/4 D. 7/4 Answer: B

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