Alkenes
Akopọ
If alkanes are the calm members of the organic world, alkenes are the reactive ones. The single feature that makes the difference is a carbon-carbon double bond, and it turns these molecules into the raw material for plastics, ethanol and much of the chemical industry.
In this lesson you will learn that alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n, how their double bond drives addition reactions, and how bromine water provides a quick chemical test to tell an alkene from an alkane.
Awọn Afojusun
- State that the bonding in alkenes includes a double carbon-carbon covalent bond and that alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- Describe the manufacture of alkenes and hydrogen by the cracking of larger alkane molecules using a high temperature and a catalyst.
- Describe the reasons for the cracking of larger alkane molecules.
- Describe the test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons by their reaction with aqueous bromine.
- [Supplement] State that in an addition reaction only one product is formed.
- [Supplement] Describe the properties of alkenes in terms of addition reactions with: (a) bromine or aqueous bromine (b) hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst (c) steam in the presence of an acid catalyst and draw the structural or displayed formulae of the products.
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Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Alkenes. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- Alkenes are unsaturated because they contain a: A. Single bond only B. Carbon-carbon double bond C. -OH group D. -COOH group Answer: B
- The general formula of the alkenes is: A. CnH2n+2 B. CnH2n C. CnH2n+1OH D. CnH2n-2 Answer: B
- When bromine water is shaken with an alkene, it: A. Stays orange B. Turns blue C. Is decolourised D. Turns red Answer: C
- Adding steam to ethene, with a catalyst, produces: A. Ethane B. Ethanol C. Ethanoic acid D. Methane Answer: B
- Reactions in which a molecule adds across a double bond are called: A. Substitution reactions B. Addition reactions C. Combustion reactions D. Neutralisation reactions Answer: B
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Hydrocarbons
Explain the importance of hydrocarbons and the reason for their diversity
"Chemistry: Hydrocarbons" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/20-1-hydrocarbons. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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Ṣe o fẹ ṣe adaṣe awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe nipa Alkenes? Ṣe igbasilẹ ohun elo Green Bridge CBT lati wọle si awọn ibeere idanwo adaṣe ati awọn ayẹwo adaṣe kikun fun koko-ọrọ yii.
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