The Earth And The Solar System
Akopọ
Day and night, the march of the seasons, the changing face of the Moon: the great rhythms of the sky all come from a few simple motions. The Earth spins, the Earth orbits the Sun, and the Moon orbits the Earth, and from those three facts the whole pattern follows.
In this lesson you will use the Earth's tilted spin to explain day and night and the apparent motion of the Sun, its yearly orbit to explain the seasons, the Moon's monthly orbit to explain its phases, and the orbital-speed equation to calculate how fast a body moves around its orbit.
Awọn Afojusun
- Know that the Earth is a planet that rotates on its axis, which is tilted, once in approximately 24 hours, and use this to explain observations of the apparent daily motion of the Sun and the periodic cycle of day and night
- Know that the Earth orbits the Sun once in approximately 365 days and use this to explain the periodic nature of the seasons
- Know that it takes approximately one month for the Moon to orbit the Earth and use this to explain the periodic nature of the Moon’s cycle of phases
- [Supplement] Define average orbital speed from the equation 2π r v = T where r is the average radius of the orbit and T is the orbital period; recall and use this equation
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Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
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- Day and night are caused by the Earth: A. orbiting the Sun B. rotating on its axis C. tilting its axis D. moving towards the Sun Answer: B
- The seasons are mainly caused by: A. the Earth's distance from the Sun changing B. the tilt of the Earth's axis C. the Moon's orbit D. the Sun moving Answer: B
- The Moon takes approximately how long to orbit the Earth? A. one day B. one week C. one month D. one year Answer: C
- A body orbits at radius r with period T. Its orbital speed is: A. r/T B. 2 pi r / T C. pi r^2 / T D. T / r Answer: B
- A satellite orbits at r = 7.0 x 10^6 m with T = 6000 s. Its speed is about: A. 1200 m/s B. 7300 m/s C. 44000 m/s D. 73000 m/s Answer: B
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Abala ìwé ẹ̀kọ́
Satellites and Kepler’s Laws: An Argument for Simplicity
Examples of gravitational orbits abound. Hundreds of artificial satellites orbit Earth together with thousands of pieces of debris. The Moon’s orbit about Earth has intrigued humans from time immemorial. The orbits of planets, asteroids, meteors, and comets about the Sun are no less interesting. If
"College Physics: Satellites and Kepler’s Laws: An Argument for Simplicity" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/6-6-satellites-and-keplers-laws-an-argument-for-simplicity. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/college-physics/pages/1-introduction
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