WAEC SSCE - Christian Religious Studies - 1991

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According to St. Luke, the first three disciples of Jesus were Peter, James, and John. In Luke 5:10-11, it is recorded that Jesus called Peter, James, and John to follow Him after they had been fishing all night and caught nothing. Jesus then performed a miracle by causing a large number of fish to be caught, which left the fishermen astonished. In Luke 6:14, it is mentioned that these three were among the twelve apostles whom Jesus chose to be His closest followers and to continue His work after He ascended to heaven. Throughout the New Testament, Peter, James, and John are frequently mentioned together, and they are often depicted as being closest to Jesus among the apostles.

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When Paul used the phrase "died to sin" in his letter to the Romans, he meant that a person who has accepted Jesus Christ as their savior has undergone a transformation. This transformation involves a change in their nature, from being a slave to sin to being dead to sin. It means that the power of sin over their lives has been broken, and they are no longer controlled by it. This transformation does not mean that the person will never sin again, but it does mean that sin no longer has dominion over them. In simple terms, "died to sin" means a complete renewal of life without sin.

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According to the creation story in the Bible, man became a living being because God gave him the breath of life. God formed man out of dust and then breathed life into him, which made him a living being. God also gave man a woman to live with him, as a companion and helper. Additionally, God gave man the responsibility to care for and control the animals and birds. However, God did not give man the tree of knowledge until later, and when man disobeyed God's command not to eat from it, it led to the fall of humanity.

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In the parable of the weeds, the enemy who sowed weeds among the wheat is Satan, the devil. Jesus tells this parable in Matthew 13:24-30 to explain how evil exists alongside good in the world, and how they will be separated at the end of time. The man who sowed good seed is Jesus, and the field is the world. The weeds represent the sons of the evil one, and the wheat represents the sons of the kingdom. The enemy who sowed the weeds is identified as the devil in verse 39. Thus, Satan is the one who tries to sabotage the good work of Jesus by sowing evil in the world.

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When Amos said "they sell the righteous for silver, and the needy for a pair of shoes," he meant that there was no justice in the land of Israel. In the Bible, specifically in the book of Amos, the prophet Amos was sent by God to pronounce judgment on Israel for their sins. One of the sins that Amos condemned was the mistreatment of the poor and needy. The statement "they sell the righteous for silver, and the needy for a pair of shoes" was a metaphor for the exploitation of the poor by the wealthy and powerful. The wealthy were willing to sell even the innocent and righteous people for their own gain, and the poor were forced to sell themselves or their possessions for even the most basic needs such as shoes. Amos was pointing out the injustice in this situation, where the rich were benefiting from the suffering of the poor. Overall, Amos' statement reveals God's concern for the oppressed and marginalized in society and His desire for justice and righteousness to prevail.

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According to Paul, all men have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God, but we have been justified by God's gift of grace. In Romans 3:23-24, Paul says, "For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and all are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus." Here, Paul is saying that all humans have sinned and therefore, have fallen short of God's perfect standards. However, God has provided a way for us to be made right with Him through His grace. Paul goes on to explain in Romans 5:8 that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us, demonstrating God's love for us. By accepting Christ's sacrifice on our behalf and believing in Him, we can be justified, or made right with God, and receive eternal life. This justification is a gift of grace that we receive through faith, not through any works or efforts of our own (Ephesians 2:8-9). In summary, Paul teaches that all humans have sinned, but we can be justified and made right with God through His gift of grace, which is received by faith in Jesus Christ.

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The contest on Mount Carmel was to decide whether the people of Israel should follow Yahweh, the God of Israel, or the false god Baal. The prophet Elijah challenged the prophets of Baal to a test, where both groups would offer a sacrifice to their respective gods. The true God would be the one who answered with fire from heaven and consumed the sacrifice. The prophets of Baal prayed and shouted for hours, but nothing happened. When Elijah prayed to Yahweh, fire came down from heaven and consumed the sacrifice. This proved that Yahweh was the one true God, and the people of Israel should follow Him alone.

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Jesus made this statement "Your brother will rise again" at Bethany, in the house of Martha and Mary. Martha and Mary were the sisters of Lazarus, who had recently died. When Jesus arrived, Martha went to meet him and expressed her faith that her brother would rise again in the resurrection on the last day. Jesus responded with the statement, "I am the resurrection and the life. The one who believes in me will live, even though they die; and whoever lives by believing in me will never die." Jesus then went to the tomb of Lazarus and raised him from the dead, fulfilling his promise to Martha that her brother would rise again.

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According to Paul's letter to the Romans, a citizen owes all of the following duties to the government: payment of taxes, obeying all good laws, respect for those in authority, and an attitude of non-resistance. However, Paul does not mention the duty to support all anti-Christian regulations. In fact, throughout the New Testament, there are examples of Christians who disobeyed unjust laws or regulations that conflicted with their faith. For example, the apostles Peter and John were arrested for preaching the gospel, but they continued to preach despite being ordered to stop. Similarly, Daniel in the Old Testament refused to obey a law that conflicted with his worship of God. Paul's emphasis is on the importance of living in peace with the governing authorities, as much as possible. This means paying taxes, obeying good laws, and showing respect for those in authority. However, when a law or regulation conflicts with our faith in Jesus Christ, we are called to follow Jesus above all else, even if it means disobeying the government. In summary, while Christians are called to be good citizens and obey the government as much as possible, we are not called to support all anti-Christian regulations. Our ultimate allegiance is to Jesus Christ, and we are called to follow him above all else, even if it means disobeying the government.

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Peter and John were arrested for the second time by the Jewish authorities because they preached in the name of Jesus. They were spreading the message of Jesus and this was seen as a threat to the authority of the Jewish leaders who did not believe in Jesus as the Messiah. The authorities wanted to put a stop to their preaching and so they arrested them. It was not because they healed the lame man, performed signs and wonders or plotted against the council, but simply because they were preaching in the name of Jesus.

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The statement "Who made you a prince and a judge over us?" by the two Hebrews to Moses signifies a rejection of Moses' leadership by his own people. The Hebrews were questioning Moses' authority and demanding to know why he had the right to be their leader. They saw him as an outsider, an Egyptian prince, and not one of their own. This statement shows that Moses had to work hard to gain the trust and respect of his people and prove himself as a worthy leader.

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According to the Bible, God rested on the seventh day after completing the work of creation. He blessed and sanctified that day, setting it apart as holy. Therefore, the correct option would be that God blessed and hallowed the seventh day.

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The evangelist who took the gospel to Samaria after Stephen's martyrdom was Philip. According to the Bible in the book of Acts chapter 8, Philip was one of the seven deacons chosen by the apostles to serve the community of believers in Jerusalem. When persecution broke out against the church in Jerusalem after Stephen's death, Philip went to Samaria and preached the gospel there, performing many miracles and baptizing many people. His preaching was very successful, and many Samaritans came to believe in Jesus. Later in the same chapter, we also see that Peter and John visited Samaria to pray for the new believers and to lay hands on them to receive the Holy Spirit.

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The people of Israel said "To your tents, O Israel! Look now to your house, David" because Rehoboam, who was the son of King Solomon and the new king of Israel, had refused to ease the burden of the people. The people felt that their taxes and labor had become too heavy, and they wanted relief from the new king. When Rehoboam refused their request, the people decided to rebel against him and turn to David's house for leadership. David was a beloved and successful king, and the people hoped that his descendants would be more compassionate and just rulers than Rehoboam.

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When the Israelites decided to return to Egypt after the spies gave a disheartening report, they were opposed by Joshua and Caleb. Moses and Aaron were not opposing them; rather, they were trying to convince the Israelites to trust in God and move forward. However, Joshua and Caleb were the only two out of the twelve spies who gave a positive report about the land of Canaan, encouraging the Israelites to have faith in God and conquer the land. Despite their efforts, the majority of the Israelites were swayed by the negative report of the other ten spies and were afraid to enter the land.

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God sent His son, Jesus Christ, at the perfect time to save those who were under the law, which means those who were bound by sin and unable to fulfill the requirements of the law on their own. Through Jesus, they can receive adoption as sons and daughters of God, which means they become part of God's family and receive all the blessings that come with it. This includes a new status that is higher than even the angels, and access to all the spiritual gifts that God has for His children. So, in summary, Jesus came to redeem us so that we can become children of God and receive all the blessings that come with that relationship.

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The statement of Jesus, "Whoever does not bear his own cross and come after me, cannot be my disciple," means that being a disciple of Jesus requires a complete and total commitment to Him. It means that his followers must be willing to bear their own crosses, which symbolize the trials, hardships, and sufferings that they will face for their faith in Him. It does not necessarily mean that they will physically die on a cross, but rather that they must be willing to endure whatever difficulties may come their way because of their faith. In other words, a true disciple of Jesus must be willing to put Him above everything else, even their own comfort and safety.

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Peter, in his letter to the early Christian church, refers to the suffering of Christians as a "fiery ordeal." This phrase means that suffering is a characteristic of Christian life in the world, and it tests the reality of Christian faith. It is also a way for Christians to share in Christ's suffering, which brings them closer to God. However, Peter does not suggest that suffering is a reason for joy or something that Christians must struggle to attain. Instead, he acknowledges that suffering is difficult but encourages Christians to persevere through it, knowing that God will ultimately reward them for their faithfulness.

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Ezekiel was ordered to eat a written scroll at his call. In the Bible, specifically in the book of Ezekiel, God instructed the prophet Ezekiel to eat a scroll that contained words of lamentation, mourning, and woe. This act symbolized Ezekiel internalizing God's message and making it a part of himself. The written scroll represented the word of God that Ezekiel was called to share with the people of Israel. By consuming the scroll, Ezekiel was demonstrating his willingness to obey God's commands and to proclaim His message to the people.

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According to Paul in 1 Corinthians, the order of importance in the manifestation of spiritual gifts is apostles, prophets, and teachers. In 1 Corinthians 12:28, Paul lists various gifts that are given by the Holy Spirit for the common good of the church. He then goes on to say in 1 Corinthians 12:29-30 that not all have the same gifts, and not everyone has the same level of importance within the church. In 1 Corinthians 12:31, he encourages the Corinthians to "eagerly desire the greater gifts," and then in 1 Corinthians 14:1, he says that they should pursue love and eagerly desire spiritual gifts, especially the gift of prophecy. Based on these passages, it can be concluded that Paul believed that the gifts of apostleship, prophecy, and teaching were the most important in terms of building up the church and spreading the gospel. However, he also acknowledged that other gifts were important and necessary, and encouraged the Corinthians to seek after them as well.

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Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem was to manifest that He was the humble Messiah of peace. Jesus rode into Jerusalem on a donkey, which was a symbol of peace, instead of a horse, which would have been a symbol of war. By doing this, Jesus was showing that his kingdom was not of this world, and that he came to bring peace, not war. The people of Jerusalem were expecting a conquering Messiah, someone who would overthrow the Romans and establish a Jewish kingdom. But Jesus had a different plan. He came to establish a spiritual kingdom, where people could find peace with God. During his triumphal entry, the people of Jerusalem shouted "Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!" This was a Messianic greeting, which means "save us now." The people were acknowledging Jesus as the Messiah, but they had a different understanding of what that meant. Jesus' triumphal entry was also a fulfillment of the prophecy in Zechariah 9:9, which says, "Rejoice greatly, Daughter Zion! Shout, Daughter Jerusalem! See, your king comes to you, righteous and victorious, lowly and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey." In summary, Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem was to manifest that he was the humble Messiah of peace, fulfilling the prophecy of Zechariah. He came to establish a spiritual kingdom, not a physical one, and to bring peace between God and humanity.

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The statement means that physical bodies, which are perishable and mortal, cannot enter the kingdom of God. Instead, our perishable bodies need to be transformed into imperishable bodies that are immortal to inherit the kingdom of God. In other words, mortality must put on immortality. This transformation happens through spiritual rebirth and accepting the gift of salvation through Jesus Christ. So, is the correct interpretation of the statement.

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In the Epistle of Paul to the Romans, God's promise to Abraham and his descendants to inherit the world was through the righteousness of faith. This means that the promise was not based on their hard work or obedience to the law, but rather on their faith in God and His righteousness. Paul argues that it is not our own works that make us right with God, but rather our faith in Jesus Christ as the one who paid for our sins and made us righteous before God. Therefore, our inheritance of the world is not something we can earn through our own efforts, but is a gift of grace received by faith in Christ.

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Jeremiah's statement "I will put my law within them, and I will write it upon their hearts, and will be their God" implies that the law of God will become permanent in the people's minds. In the Bible, specifically in the book of Jeremiah, God promises to make a new covenant with His people, a covenant that will be different from the old one. In this new covenant, God will write His law not on tablets of stone or in a book, but in the hearts of His people. This means that the law of God will become a part of the people's very being and will guide their thoughts and actions. This promise also implies that the people will have a personal relationship with God, with God as their God and they as His people. Overall, Jeremiah's statement highlights the transformational power of God's love and grace in the lives of His people.

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