JAMB UTME - Physical Education - 2023

Which of the following is an indoor game ?

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One of the options in the list that is an indoor game is chess.
Chess is a strategic board game that is played between two players. It is typically played indoors on a square board consisting of 64 squares of alternating colors. The objective of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king, which means putting the opponent's king in a position where it is under immediate attack and cannot escape capture.
Chess is considered an indoor game because it is typically played in a controlled environment, such as indoors at home, in schools, or in chess clubs. The game requires a calm and quiet setting, as players need to concentrate, think ahead, and plan their moves strategically.
Unlike outdoor games such as sprinting, soccer, and swimming, which require physical activity and are played in open spaces, chess is a mental and intellectual game that can be enjoyed indoors. It can be played at any time, independent of weather conditions. Chess also promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making skills, making it a popular choice for intellectual stimulation and competition.
In summary, chess is an indoor game because it is played on a board, requires mental effort, and is typically enjoyed in a controlled environment, providing an opportunity for strategic thinking and intellectual engagement.

Which of the following is not a benefit of recreation ?

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Benefits of recreation
- It helps to correct postural defect
- It provides opportunity for creativity and self expression
- It raises the health and fitness level of the participant

The type of hazardous pollution caused by automobile is ______

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The type of hazardous pollution caused by automobiles is carbon monoxide.
When we drive cars, they burn gasoline or diesel fuel to produce energy that moves the car. However, this burning process also produces harmful gases as byproducts. One of these gases is carbon monoxide (CO).
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is very harmful to humans and the environment. It is produced when there is not enough oxygen during the burning process, which is common in the engines of cars.
When we inhale carbon monoxide, it binds to our red blood cells more easily than oxygen, reducing the amount of oxygen our body can carry. This can lead to serious health problems, especially for people with heart or lung conditions.
Additionally, carbon monoxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. It traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to higher global temperatures and disrupting the natural balance of our planet.
In summary, the hazardous pollution caused by automobiles is carbon monoxide. It is harmful to both human health and the environment, making it important for us to find ways to reduce its emissions from vehicles.

Which of the following is not an equipment/facility used in badminton games?

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Paddles are not used in badminton games. Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. The equipment used in badminton includes a racquet, shuttlecock, and strings for the racquet.

Which of the following is not a water-borne disease?

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Headache is not a water-borne disease.
Water-borne diseases are illnesses caused by microorganisms that are transmitted through contaminated water. These pathogens can enter the body when we consume or come into contact with contaminated water.
Hepatitis is a water-borne disease that affects the liver. It is caused by various viral infections, such as hepatitis A, B, and C.
Cholera is another water-borne disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It leads to severe diarrhea and dehydration if left untreated.
Typhoid is also a water-borne disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It causes high fever, abdominal pain, and weakness.
However, headache is not caused by contaminated water. It can be induced by various factors like stress, tension, dehydration, eye strain, or medical conditions. While dehydration can contribute to a headache, it is not the sole cause. Headaches can occur regardless of the water quality and do not require the presence of waterborne pathogens to develop.
Therefore, out of the given options, headache does not belong to the category of water-borne diseases.

Carbon monoxide is a source of ______ pollution.

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Carbon monoxide is a source of air pollution. When we burn fossil fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and natural gas in vehicles, power plants, and industries, carbon monoxide is released into the air. It is a colorless and odorless gas that is harmful to the environment and human health.
In our atmosphere, carbon monoxide reacts with other pollutants to form smog, which is a type of air pollution. Smog can cause respiratory problems, especially for people with asthma or other respiratory conditions.
Carbon monoxide also contributes to the greenhouse effect, which is responsible for global warming and climate change. This gas traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to the gradual increase in Earth's temperature.
So, carbon monoxide is a significant contributor to air pollution and its negative effects on both the environment and human health. It is crucial to reduce carbon monoxide emissions by using cleaner forms of energy and implementing stricter regulations for industries and vehicles.

How many points is required to win a badminton game ?

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To win a game in badminton, a player or a team needs to score a certain number of points. The number of points required to win a badminton game is 21 points.
However, there are certain rules that need to be followed in order to determine the winner. The winner must also have a 2-point lead over their opponent to secure the victory.
Let me explain the scoring system more in detail. In badminton, each rally results in a point being awarded to one of the players or teams. The rally starts with a serve and ends when the shuttlecock hits the ground within the boundaries, or if a fault is committed by one of the players.
Regardless of who served, a point is awarded to the serving side every time they win a rally. If the serving side loses a rally, the serve will be handed over to the opposing side, and they will have an opportunity to score points.
The game is played until one player or team reaches 21 points, with a 2-point lead. If the score reaches a tie at 20-20, it is called a "deuce". In a deuce, players need to continue playing until a player or team gains a 2-point lead to win the game.
In summary, to win a badminton game, a player or team needs to score 21 points with a 2-point lead over the opponent.

Who is regarded as the father of physical eduction in Nigeria ?

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Harding James Ekperigin is widely recognized as the father of physical education in Nigeria. He made significant contributions to the development and promotion of physical education in the country.

Which of the following is the international governing body responsible for soccer ?

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The international governing body responsible for soccer is FIFA. FIFA stands for the Fédération Internationale de Football Association. It is the organization that governs and regulates the sport of soccer on a global scale. FIFA is responsible for organizing international competitions such as the FIFA World Cup, which is held every four years and is considered the most prestigious tournament in soccer.
FIFA is in charge of creating and enforcing the rules and regulations of the game. They ensure fair play and provide guidance to national soccer associations and clubs. FIFA also works to develop and promote soccer at all levels, from grassroots to professional.
One of FIFA's important roles is to oversee the national soccer associations and ensure that they comply with the rules and principles of the game. They also promote the values of soccer, such as inclusivity, diversity, and respect.
In summary, FIFA is the international governing body for soccer, responsible for organizing competitions, creating rules, developing the sport, and maintaining its integrity globally.

____ is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts

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Anatomy is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts. It focuses on understanding how different parts of the body are organized and connected to each other. This includes studying the shapes, sizes, and locations of organs, tissues, and cells. By examining these details, anatomists can gain a better understanding of how the body functions as a whole. In simple terms, anatomy helps us to understand the physical structure of the body and how its various parts work together.

In the bucal cavity of human beings, digestion of which of the following get started

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In the bucal cavity of human beings, digestion of carbohydrates gets started.
The bucal cavity, also known as the mouth, plays an important role in the process of digestion. When we eat food, it enters the mouth where it gets broken down into smaller pieces by our teeth through the process of chewing.
Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrients found in our food. They are present in foods like bread, rice, potatoes, and fruits.
In the mouth, the salivary glands produce saliva, which contains an enzyme called amylase. When we chew carbohydrates, the amylase in saliva helps to break them down into smaller molecules called sugars. This process is known as digestion.
So, in conclusion, the digestion of carbohydrates gets started in the bucal cavity of human beings.

Which of the following control breathing rate in humans?

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The medulla oblongata controls the breathing rate in humans. Medulla oblongata is a part of the brainstem that is responsible for many involuntary functions including breathing. It is located at the base of the brain, just above the spinal cord.
The medulla oblongata contains special cells called respiratory centers, specifically the dorsal respiratory group (DRG) and the ventral respiratory group (VRG). These centers detect the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) in the blood.
When the carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, the DRG signals the muscles of the diaphragm and the ribcage to contract. This causes inhalation, allowing fresh oxygen to enter the lungs and carbon dioxide to be exhaled. On the other hand, when the carbon dioxide levels decrease, the DRG signals the muscles to relax, resulting in exhalation.
The medulla oblongata also communicates with the hypothalamus and the thalamus, but their roles are not directly related to controlling the breathing rate. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and other functions, while the thalamus is involved in relaying sensory information to the cerebral cortex.
The cerebellum, although important for coordination and balance, does not control the breathing rate.
In summary, the medulla oblongata is responsible for controlling the breathing rate in humans by detecting the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood and signaling the muscles involved in breathing to adjust accordingly.

How many players make up a basketball team on the court at a time?

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A basketball team is made up of 5 players on the court at a time. Each team has a total of 12 players on their roster, but only 5 players are allowed to play on the court at any given time. These 5 players are responsible for attacking, defending, and scoring points for their team. The other players on the team wait on the sidelines for their turn to join the game or provide support from the bench. The 5 players on the court work together to strategize and execute their game plan, using their skills in dribbling, passing, shooting, and defending to outscore their opponents. So, in summary, a basketball team consists of 5 players on the court and 12 players on the roster.

Which of the following is not an objective of physical Eduaction ?

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The objective of physical education is to promote overall well-being and enhance various aspects of an individual's life through physical activities. It aims to improve physical fitness, develop the habit of sportsmanship, and enhance emotional stability. However, **"To be able to bully people"** is not an objective of physical education. Physical education focuses on teaching students about the importance of physical health and well-being. It aims to help students develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle by engaging in regular physical activities. Through physical education, students learn about the importance of physical fitness, including cardiovascular and muscular endurance, flexibility, and strength. Another objective of physical education is to develop the habit of sportsmanship. This includes teaching students about fair play, teamwork, and respect for others. Sportsmanship encourages students to compete with integrity, showing respect for their opponents and abiding by the rules of the game. It promotes values such as cooperation, discipline, and fair competition. Additionally, physical education plays a role in developing emotional stability. Engaging in physical activities can help students manage stress, improve their mood, and develop a positive mindset. Physical education classes often include activities that promote relaxation, stress reduction, and mental well-being. However, **"To be able to bully people"** does not align with the objectives of physical education. Bullying goes against the principles of sportsmanship and personal well-being. Physical education aims to create a safe and inclusive environment where all students can participate and enjoy physical activities without fear or intimidation. In conclusion, physical education objectives focus on developing physical fitness, promoting sportsmanship, and enhancing emotional stability. It does not aim to encourage or support bullying behavior, as the well-being and respect for others are fundamental principles of physical education.

Saliva helps in the digestion of

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Saliva helps in the digestion of starch.
Starch is a carbohydrate that is found in foods like rice, potatoes, bread, and pasta. When we eat foods containing starch, our body needs to break it down into smaller molecules so that it can be absorbed and used for energy.
This is where saliva comes in! When we chew our food, our salivary glands produce saliva that contains an enzyme called amylase. Amylase is responsible for breaking down the starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules called glucose.
By breaking down starch, saliva helps to start the process of digestion and makes it easier for our body to absorb and utilize the energy from the food we eat.
Saliva doesn't directly help in the digestion of proteins, fats, or vitamins. These nutrients are broken down by different enzymes and processes in our digestive system.
In summary, saliva plays an important role in the digestion of starch by producing an enzyme called amylase that breaks down starch into smaller sugar molecules.

What do you call a person who performs gymnastics ?

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A person who performs gymnastics is called a gymnast.
Gymnastics is a physical activity that combines strength, flexibility, balance, and control. Gymnasts are individuals who participate in this sport and perform various movements and routines on different apparatus such as the balance beam, uneven bars, vault, and floor exercise. They go through extensive training to learn and perfect these movements which include flips, twists, jumps, and handstands.
Gymnasts are skilled athletes who showcase their abilities and talents through their performances. They compete in gymnastics competitions or sometimes perform for entertainment purposes. They demonstrate their agility, coordination, and strength while executing complex and acrobatic movements.
So, the correct term to describe a person who performs gymnastics is a gymnast.

Which of the following part of human skeleton forms the helmet that protect the human brain

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The part of the human skeleton that forms the helmet to protect the brain is called the cranium. The cranium is made up of several bones that come together to encase and protect the brain. These bones are connected by special joints called sutures which allow for some flexibility and movement.
The cranium serves as a hard, protective shell surrounding the brain, shielding it from any potential injury. It helps absorb and distribute forces, such as those that may occur from impact or trauma to the head. Additionally, the cranium provides attachment points for various muscles and ligaments involved in head movement.
The other options, namely the fibula and tibia, are bones found in the lower limbs and are involved in supporting the body weight and facilitating movement. They are not directly involved in protecting the brain. The suture, on the other hand, is not a specific bone but refers to the tight fibrous joints between the cranial bones that contribute to the strength and structural integrity of the cranium. However, it is not the main component responsible for forming the helmet-like protection for the brain.
In summary, the cranium is the part of the human skeleton that forms the protective helmet around the brain, safeguarding it from potential injuries.

Which of the following is not a skill and technique in boxing

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Kicking is not a skill and technique in boxing. Boxing is a combat sport that involves using punches and defensive techniques inside a ring. The objective is to score points by landing clean and powerful punches on the opponent while avoiding getting hit. The sport is strictly limited to the use of the hands only, which means that kicking is not allowed in boxing. Here is a breakdown of the other options: - **Dodging**: Dodging is a crucial skill in boxing. It involves moving the body and head to avoid incoming punches from the opponent. By dodging, a boxer can evade punches and minimize the chances of getting hit. - **Ducking**: Ducking is another defensive technique used in boxing. It involves bending the knees and lowering the body to avoid an opponent's punch, primarily aimed at the head. By ducking, a boxer can create space and avoid getting struck by an incoming punch. - **Jabbing**: Jabbing is a basic and essential technique in boxing. It is a quick, straight punch thrown with the front hand, usually the non-dominant hand. Jabs are used to set up combinations, keep the opponent at bay, and score points in boxing matches. In summary, while dodging, ducking, and jabbing are fundamental skills and techniques in boxing, kicking is not permitted in this sport. Boxing relies solely on punches and defensive maneuvers using the hands.

The following are the examples of sports except

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marketing, the sum of activities involved in directing the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers

The amount of force you can put out is dependent on your:

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The amount of force you can put out is dependent on your muscular strength. Muscular strength refers to the maximum amount of force that a muscle or group of muscles can generate. It is determined by factors such as muscle size, fiber type, and the ability of the muscles to contract. Stamina, agility, and muscular endurance are all related to physical performance, but they do not directly determine the amount of force that can be exerted. - Stamina is the ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort. It is more focused on maintaining energy levels and enduring long-duration activities rather than generating high levels of force. - Agility is the ability to change direction quickly and efficiently. It involves coordination, balance, and speed. While agility is important for overall physical performance, it does not necessarily correlate with the amount of force that can be produced. - Muscular endurance refers to the ability of a muscle or group of muscles to repeatedly exert force or sustain an activity over an extended period. It is related to the capacity to resist fatigue, but it does not directly determine the maximum force output. Therefore, the primary factor affecting the amount of force you can put out is your muscular strength. Developing and improving muscular strength through proper training and exercise can increase your ability to generate force and perform tasks that require strength.

The following are key locomotor skills except

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The key locomotor skills refer to the movement skills that involve the coordination and control of the body. They are important for physical development and daily functioning. Among the listed options, singing is not a locomotor skill.

Crawling is the movement skill where an individual moves on their hands and knees or hands and feet while their abdomen is off the ground.

Climbing is the locomotor skill where an individual ascends or descends an object or structure using their hands and feet.

Walking is a well-known locomotor skill that involves moving forward in a rhythmic manner by alternating steps between the feet while maintaining balance.

On the other hand, singing is a form of vocalization using the voice to produce musical tones and vocal sounds, which is not directly related to body movement and coordination.

Therefore, among the given options, singing is the key locomotor skill that is not included in the list.

Which of the following is not an institutional game in Nigeria ?

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The institutional games in Nigeria are organized competitive events between universities or institutions. Three out of the four options given are actually institutional games in Nigeria, namely NATCEGA, NUGA, and NIPOGA.
NATCEGA stands for National Theatre Command Entertainment Games. It is an annual event that brings together theater command troops from various branches of the Nigerian military for friendly competitions in various sporting activities. This helps to foster camaraderie and promote physical fitness among the military personnel.
NUGA stands for Nigerian Universities Games Association. It is an annual multi-sport event that brings together universities from all over Nigeria to compete against each other in various sporting disciplines. The aim of NUGA is to promote sports development and healthy competition among university students.
NIPOGA stands for Nigerian Polytechnic Games. It is a biennial sporting event that brings together polytechnics and similar institutions in Nigeria for friendly competitions in different sports. NIPOGA provides an avenue for students and staff of polytechnics to showcase their sporting talents and promote healthy competition.
That leaves us with the NBA as the option that is not an institutional game in Nigeria. The NBA, or Nigerian Bar Association, is a professional association of lawyers and legal practitioners in Nigeria. While the NBA organizes conferences, workshops, and other professional events, it is not specifically focused on organizing sporting competitions among institutions or universities. Thus, the NBA is not an institutional game in Nigeria.

Which of the following is a track event ?

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A track event is a type of competition that involves running, jumping, or throwing on an oval-shaped track. Out of the given options, the track event is the 100m race.
The triple jump and high jump are both field events, rather than track events. The triple jump is a jumping event that involves three consecutive phases: the hop, the step, and the jump. Athletes aim to jump as far as possible in one single attempt.
Similarly, the high jump is also a jumping event. Athletes try to leap over a horizontal bar set at a specific height without knocking it down. The higher the bar, the greater the difficulty.
The pole vault, on the other hand, involves using a long, flexible pole to propel oneself over a horizontal bar. Athletes sprint down a runway, plant the pole in a specially designed box, and use it to propel themselves over the bar.
In summary, the 100m race is the track event among the given options. It is a sprinting event where athletes compete to be the fastest over a distance of 100 meters.

Hockey pitch, nets and flag posts are facilities used in ?

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A fracture is a break, usually in a bone. If the broken bone punctures the skin, it is called an open or compound fracture.

How many trials are allowed in shot put?

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Only 3 trials are allowed in shot put.

Which of the following helps human sperm with locomotion?

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The correct answer that helps human sperm with locomotion is the flagellum. The flagellum is a long, whip-like structure that is present in the sperm. It is responsible for the movement of the sperm through various fluids in order to reach and fertilize the egg.
The flagellum is composed of microtubules, which are tiny structures that give it its shape and strength. These microtubules are arranged in a pattern that allows the flagellum to move in a whip-like motion. This motion propels the sperm forward, allowing it to swim through the female reproductive tract towards the egg.
The movement of the flagellum is powered by a complex biochemical process. Inside the flagellum, there are structures called dynein arms. These dynein arms use energy from ATP molecules to move and bend the microtubules, causing the flagellum to move in a coordinated manner.
The flagellum is essential for the sperm's ability to swim and reach the egg for fertilization. Without a functional flagellum, the sperm would not be able to move effectively and would have a much lower chance of successfully fertilizing an egg.
In summary, the flagellum is the structure in human sperm that helps with locomotion. Its whip-like motion, powered by dynein arms and ATP, allows the sperm to swim towards the egg for fertilization.

The following are the injuries that can be sustained at sport except ____

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Stomach ache is not typically considered an injury that can be sustained in sports. While it is common to experience stomach discomfort or cramps during physical activities, it is generally caused by factors such as dehydration, improper nutrition, or digestive issues rather than a direct injury to the body.
In contrast, sprains, bruises, and strains are types of injuries that can occur in sports:
- Sprains occur when ligaments, which connect bones together, are stretched or torn. This can happen when a joint is forcefully twisted or bent beyond its normal range of motion. Common areas for sprains include the ankle, wrist, or knee.
- Bruises, also known as contusions, result from a direct blow to the body. When tiny blood vessels under the skin get damaged, blood leaks out and causes discoloration, swelling, and tenderness. Bruises can occur in various body parts depending on the impact during sports.
- Strains are injuries to muscles or tendons. They typically occur due to overstretching or overexertion of the affected tissues. Strains commonly happen in areas like the hamstring, calf muscles, or lower back.
It is important to note that while stomach aches may not be considered an injury, they should not be ignored. It is crucial to address any persistent or severe stomach discomfort during physical activity by seeking medical advice and taking appropriate measures such as staying hydrated, consuming balanced meals, and avoiding excessive exertion.

After digestion protein is converted into

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After digestion, proteins are converted into amino acids.
During the process of digestion, proteins are broken down into smaller molecules called peptides through the action of enzymes in the stomach and small intestine. These peptides are then further broken down by other enzymes into individual amino acids.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are crucial for various biological processes in the body. They are essential for the growth and repair of tissues, the synthesis of enzymes and hormones, and the functioning of the immune system.
Once proteins have been converted into amino acids, they can be absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to various cells in the body, where they are used to build new proteins or used as a source of energy.
Therefore, the correct answer is amino acid.

One of these is a component of school health programme.

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A component of a school health program is **health services**. Health services are an essential part of a school health program as they involve medical professionals and resources that cater to the healthcare needs of students. These services can include regular health check-ups, immunizations, first aid, and treatment for minor illnesses and injuries. Health services also provide support for students with chronic conditions such as asthma or diabetes. The presence of health services in schools ensures that students have access to immediate medical care and support, promoting their overall well-being and enabling them to focus on their studies. These services can be provided by school nurses or in collaboration with local healthcare providers. It is important to note that while external services and curable services may contribute to the well-being of students, they are not specific components of a school health program. External services may refer to community organizations or agencies that provide support to schools but are not directly part of the program. Curable services may not be a relevant term in the context of a school health program, as it is unclear what specific services it entails. In summary, health services are an integral component of a school health program, ensuring the physical well-being of students by providing access to medical care, support, and resources.

The type of baton exchange in which the receiver of the baton will not see as the baton is being placed in his/her hand is called?

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Non-visual baton exchange is the type of baton exchange in which the receiver of the baton will not see as the baton is being placed in his/her hand.

Which of the following is not a swimming stroke ?

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The swimming stroke that is not listed among the options is the downstroke.

Let's briefly discuss the other three swimming strokes to understand why the downstroke is not considered a swimming stroke:

Crawl: Also known as freestyle, the crawl is the fastest and most commonly used stroke in competitive swimming. It involves a continuous alternating arm motion and a flutter kick. Swimmers move their arms in a windmill-like pattern, pulling the water towards them, while their legs kick in a repetitive up and down motion.

Backstroke: As the name suggests, swimmers swim on their backs, facing up. The main propulsive force in backstroke comes from the alternating arm movement, similar to the crawl stroke. The arms move in a wider arc, and the hands enter the water pinky-first. The legs perform a flutter kick, similar to that of the crawl stroke.

Breaststroke: The breaststroke is the slowest of the four competitive swimming strokes, but it is often considered the most graceful. Swimmers synchronize a frog-like kick and an arm pull to propel themselves through the water. The arms move together in a half-circle motion underwater, while the legs kick outwards and then back inwards simultaneously.

Downstroke: The term "downstroke" does not correspond to any recognized swimming stroke. It may be a term used in other contexts or in certain swimming drills, but it is not a distinct swimming stroke like the crawl, backstroke, or breaststroke.

Which of the following is the vestigial bony part of the human skeleton?

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The vestigial bony part of the human skeleton is the Coccyx.
The coccyx, also known as the tailbone, is a small triangular structure located at the bottom of the vertebral column. It consists of three to five fused vertebrae.
In the past, the coccyx had a more functional role in our ancestors who had tails. However, over millions of years of evolution, the tail became unnecessary for human survival and gradually disappeared.
Today, the coccyx serves as a vestigial structure, meaning it is a remnant of our evolutionary past that no longer has a significant function. It is a reduced and modified version of what used to be a functional tail.
Function: While the coccyx no longer has a significant role in humans, it does serve as an attachment point for several muscles, tendons, and ligaments. These structures help support our body weight when we sit or stand and also play a role in stabilizing our pelvis.
Development: During embryonic development, the coccyx starts as separate vertebrae. However, as the fetus develops, these vertebrae gradually fuse together to form the coccyx. This fusion is typically complete by early adulthood.
Importance: Although the coccyx is a vestige of our evolutionary past with no significant function in modern humans, it can still be susceptible to injury or discomfort. Falls, trauma during childbirth, or prolonged sitting on hard surfaces can lead to coccyx pain or fracture.
To summarize, the coccyx is the vestigial bony part of the human skeleton. It is a remnant of our evolutionary history when our ancestors had tails. Although it no longer has a significant function, it serves as an attachment point for muscles and plays a role in supporting our pelvis.

A deuce in a table tennis game means

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In a table tennis game, a deuce means that both players have reached a point of tie. It happens when the score reaches 10-10. At this point, the game becomes a deuce, and players continue playing until one player gets a lead of 2 points. So, a deuce is not a loss, a win, or a foul. It simply indicates a tie in the game where players need to score 2 consecutive points to win the game.

The smallest unit of social organization in our society is

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The smallest unit of social organization in our society is the family.
The family is a group of people who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption and live together in a household. Families provide individuals with emotional support, shelter, food, and other basic needs. They are the building blocks of society, as they are responsible for nurturing and socializing individuals from a young age.
Families are usually led by parents or guardians who provide guidance and instill values in their children. They teach them essential life skills and help them develop a sense of identity. Additionally, families often pass down cultural traditions, beliefs, and customs from one generation to another.
While peer groups, clans, and communities are also important social units, they are typically larger than families and may include multiple families or individuals who are not directly related. Peer groups consist of individuals who are of similar age or have common interests, while clans are extended families with a common ancestry, and communities are groups of individuals who live in the same geographical area.
In summary, while peer groups, clans, and communities play significant roles in our society, the smallest and most fundamental unit of social organization is the family. Families provide the foundation for a person's social development, upbringing, and support.

Fruit and vegetables are important because

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Fruits and vegetables are important for several reasons:

1. They give you energy: Fruits and vegetables are packed with carbohydrates, which are the body's main source of energy. They provide us with the fuel we need to go about our daily activities.

2. They are easily available: Fruits and vegetables are widely accessible in grocery stores, farmers' markets, and even in our own backyards. They are readily available, making it convenient for us to incorporate them into our diets.

3. They are colorful: Fruits and vegetables come in a wide array of vibrant colors such as red, orange, green, and purple. These colors are not just visually appealing, but they also indicate the presence of different nutrients and antioxidants that are essential for our health.

4. They provide you with a wide variety of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients: Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, and nutrients that our bodies need to function properly. They are excellent sources of vitamin C, vitamin A, potassium, fiber, and folate, among others.

In conclusion, fruits and vegetables give us energy, are easily available, add color to our meals, and provide us with a wide range of essential vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. It is important to include them in our daily diet for overall health and wellbeing.

Herbert Macaulay is considered as the founder of Nigerian Nationalism. He was a Nigerian nationalist, politician, engineer, architect, journalist, and musician and is considered by many Nigerians as the founder of Nigerian nationalism.

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Herbert Macaulay is considered the founder of Nigerian Nationalism because of his significant contributions to the nationalist movement in Nigeria. He played a key role in advocating for Nigeria's independence from British colonial rule and in mobilizing Nigerians to fight for their rights and freedom.
Macaulay was a multi-talented individual who excelled in various fields. He was a nationalist, politician, engineer, architect, journalist, and even a musician. Through his diverse skills and talents, he was able to engage with people from different backgrounds and effectively communicate his ideas and goals.
As a politician, Macaulay used his platform to advocate for constitutional reforms and the inclusion of Nigerians in the governance of their own country. He founded the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923, which became a prominent political party advocating for Nigerian interests.
Macaulay's journalistic skills were instrumental in spreading awareness and mobilizing Nigerians for the nationalist cause. He founded and edited the newspaper Lagos Daily News, which became a powerful tool for disseminating information and shaping public opinion.
Furthermore, Macaulay's engineering and architectural expertise enabled him to contribute to the development and modernization of Lagos. He played a key role in urban planning and infrastructure projects, which helped improve the quality of life for Nigerians.
Macaulay's unwavering commitment to Nigerian nationalism and his tireless efforts in fighting for independence laid the foundation for future nationalist leaders, such as Tafawa Balewa, Aguyi Ironsi, and Ahmadu Bello. While these individuals also made significant contributions to Nigerian nationalism, it was Macaulay who paved the way and inspired others to join the cause.
In conclusion, Herbert Macaulay is widely regarded as the founder of Nigerian nationalism due to his integral role in advocating for Nigeria's independence, his contributions to various fields, and his ability to mobilize and unite Nigerians in the nationalist movement.

Which of the following is not a component of physical fitness.

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Physical fitness is the ability of the body to carry out daily tasks and physical activities without undue fatigue. It is comprised of various components that contribute to overall health and well-being. Out of the options provided, fat is not a component of physical fitness.
Muscular endurance is one of the components of physical fitness. It refers to the ability of muscles to exert force repeatedly over a period of time. This is important for activities that require sustained muscle contractions, such as running long distances or performing multiple repetitions of an exercise.
Flexibility is another component of physical fitness. It relates to the range of motion in joints and muscles. Having good flexibility allows for better performance in activities that require stretching or bending, like yoga or gymnastics.
Cardiovascular endurance is also a component of physical fitness. It refers to the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the muscles during prolonged physical activity. Good cardiovascular endurance is important for activities that require continuous movement, such as cycling or swimming.
Fat, on the other hand, is not a component of physical fitness. It is a type of body tissue that stores energy and insulation. While body fat percentage can be a consideration in overall health, it is not directly related to physical fitness components. However, having excessive body fat can affect an individual's overall fitness level and may hinder their ability to perform physical activities effectively.
In conclusion, fat is not a component of physical fitness. The components of physical fitness include muscular endurance, flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance.

Track events are done on a ___

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Track events are done on a running track.
A running track is a specially designed surface that is used for various athletic events, including track and field competitions. It is typically made of a synthetic material, such as rubber or synthetic fibers, to provide a springy and comfortable surface for athletes to run on.
The track is marked with lanes for each runner, usually six to eight lanes, to ensure fairness in races. These lanes are usually marked with different colors to make it easier for spectators and athletes to identify them.
The surface of the track is specifically designed to offer good traction and reduce the risk of slipping or falling during the race. It also helps to absorb the impact of each step, minimizing the strain on the athletes' joints and muscles.
In addition to running events, a running track is also used for other track and field events, such as long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault. The track provides a clear and standardized area for these events to take place, with designated markings and zones for each discipline.
Overall, a running track provides a controlled and professional setting for track events, ensuring fairness, safety, and optimal performance for athletes.

The external openings of the nasal cavity that admit air to the lungs are called ?

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The external openings of the nasal cavity that admit air to the lungs are called nostrils.
The nostrils, also known as the nares, are the two openings at the base of the nose. They are responsible for allowing air to enter our respiratory system. When we breathe in, air flows through the nostrils and passes into the nasal cavity, which is a hollow space inside the nose.
The nostrils play an essential role in the respiratory process. As we inhale, the air enters the nasal cavity and is filtered, moistened, and warmed before it reaches the lungs. The nostrils are lined with small hairs called cilia, which help to filter out dust, pollen, and other particles from the air we breathe. The nose also contains mucus-secreting cells that moisten the air, preventing it from drying out the delicate lung tissues. Additionally, the nasal cavity has a rich blood supply, which helps to warm the air before it reaches the lungs, ensuring that it is at the right temperature for optimal breathing.
In summary, the nostrils are the external openings of the nasal cavity that allow air to enter the respiratory system. They filter, moisten, and warm the air, preparing it for the lungs to ensure efficient respiration.

What year was the first modern olympic game held ?

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The first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896. These games marked the revival of the ancient Greek tradition of hosting athletic competitions. The idea behind the modern Olympics was to promote peace and goodwill among nations through sports.
The Olympic Games were first organized by a French nobleman named Pierre de Coubertin. He believed that sports could bring people from different countries together and promote understanding and friendship.
The city of Athens, Greece was chosen as the host for the inaugural modern Olympic Games. This was a significant choice because it was in Greece where the ancient Olympics were held for centuries.
The first modern Olympics brought together athletes from 14 different countries to compete in various sporting events. The games included events such as athletics, cycling, swimming, and gymnastics.
The opening ceremony of the 1896 Olympics was a simple affair compared to the elaborate ceremonies we see today. It took place in the Panathenaic Stadium, a venue with historical significance dating back to ancient times.
The Olympic Games have been held every four years since 1896, with a few interruptions due to world wars. They have grown in scale and popularity over the years, becoming one of the most prestigious sporting events in the world.
In conclusion, the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896 in Athens, Greece. These games marked the revival of the ancient Greek tradition and aimed to promote peace and goodwill among nations through sports.