Scales Of Production
Muhtasari
Ask a workshop to make you one chair and it will cut the parts by hand, and the chair will cost more than a week's wages. Ask for five hundred and the same workshop will spend two days making jigs first, then cut all two thousand legs in an afternoon, and each chair will cost a fifth as much. Ask for five hundred thousand and nobody will cut anything: a mould will be made, at a cost that would buy a small house, and after that each chair will cost less than lunch.
Nothing about the chair changed. What changed is how many, and this lesson is about why that single number decides almost everything else. You will learn how products are produced in different volumes and the reasons why different manufacturing methods suit each: prototype, batch, mass and continuous production. You will learn what fixed and variable cost mean, calculate the unit cost at different quantities, and find the break-even point at which one method overtakes another, which is the calculation the specification's own maths column asks for beside this section. This is specialist technical principles content, examined in Section B of Paper 1.
Malengo
- How products are produced in different volumes.
- The reasons why different manufacturing methods are used for different production volumes:
- prototype
- batch
- mass
- continuous
- Fixed and variable cost.
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Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Scales Of Production. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- Which scale of production is used to manufacture float glass? A. Batch B. Continuous C. Mass D. Prototype Answer: B
- Which one of the following is a fixed cost? A. The material in each product B. The injection mould C. The packaging for each product D. The electricity used per unit Answer: B
- A tool costs 12,000. Each unit costs 0.60 to make and sells for 2.10. What is the break-even quantity? A. 5,715 units B. 8,000 units C. 12,000 units D. 20,000 units Answer: B
- Jigs and templates are most closely associated with A. batch production. B. continuous production. C. mass production. D. prototype production. Answer: A
- As the quantity produced increases, the fixed cost per unit A. falls. B. rises. C. stays the same. D. rises then falls. Answer: A
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