Transition Metals C
Muhtasari
Write down every metal you could name without looking anything up: iron, copper, nickel, chromium, zinc, silver, gold, titanium. Almost all of them come from one rectangle of the periodic table, a block wedged between Group 2 and Group 3. Now try the same exercise with Group 1. Sodium and potassium are metals in every technical sense, they conduct, they are shiny when freshly cut, and yet nobody has ever built a bridge, a saucepan or a wedding ring from either. A lump of potassium left out on a bench slowly ruins itself in front of you.
That gap between the metals we build with and the metals we keep under oil is what this lesson is about. You will meet elements that form two different ions rather than one, compounds that arrive in blue, green, brown and purple instead of plain white, and metals whose entire industrial value is that they make a reaction go faster without being consumed. By the end you will be able to take any transition metal and any alkali metal, set them side by side, and say precisely how they differ and why that difference decides what each one is good for.
Malengo
- Transition metals are those in the centre of the periodic table between Groups 2 and 3. Many transition metals have ions with different charges, form coloured compounds and are useful as catalysts.
- Compared with the elements in Group 1, transition metals: have higher melting points (except for mercury) and higher densities; are stronger and harder; are much less reactive and so do not react as vigorously with water or oxygen.
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- Where are the transition metals found in the periodic table? A. in Group 1 B. in Group 7 C. between Group 2 and Group 3 D. in the bottom row of the table Answer: C
- Which property is shown by transition metals but not by the elements of Group 1? A. conducting electricity B. forming coloured compounds C. forming positive ions D. having a shiny surface when freshly cut Answer: B
- Compared with the elements in Group 1, transition metals are: A. softer and less dense B. harder and less dense C. softer and more dense D. harder and more dense Answer: D
- Which transition metal is the exception to the rule that transition metals have high melting points? A. copper B. mercury C. chromium D. iron Answer: B
- Iron forms the ions Fe2+ and Fe3+. What is the formula of iron(III) chloride? A. FeCl B. FeCl2 C. FeCl3 D. Fe3Cl Answer: C
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