Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering)
Muhtasari
For thousands of years, farmers bred plants and animals by selecting the offspring with the most useful traits. Today, scientists can go further: they can take a single gene from one organism and place it directly into another, creating a genetically modified (GM) organism in a matter of days rather than generations.
In this lesson you will learn how restriction enzymes and ligase cut and paste DNA, how vectors carry genes into new cells, and how GM bacteria now manufacture human insulin on an industrial scale. You will also explore how GM crops are designed to improve food production and what it means for an organism to be transgenic.
Malengo
- Understand how restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sites and ligase enzymes are used to join pieces of DNA together
- Understand how plasmids and viruses can act as vectors, which take up pieces of DNA, and then insert this recombinant DNA into other cells
- Understand how large amounts of human insulin can be manufactured from genetically modified bacteria
- Understand how genetically modified plants can be used to improve food production
- Understand that the term transgenic means the transfer of genetic material from one species to a different species
Maelezo ya Somo
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering). Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at a specific base sequence? A) DNA ligase B) Amylase C) Restriction enzyme D) Lipase Answer: C
- A plasmid is best described as: A) A large chromosome found in animal cells B) A small, circular loop of DNA found in bacteria C) A type of restriction enzyme D) A virus that infects plants Answer: B
- What does the term transgenic mean? A) An organism that reproduces asexually B) An organism that contains DNA from a different species C) An organism that has been cloned D) An organism with a mutation Answer: B
- In the production of GM insulin, the role of DNA ligase is to: A) Cut the insulin gene from human DNA B) Join the insulin gene into the bacterial plasmid C) Replicate the bacterial chromosome D) Break down the insulin protein Answer: B
- Which of these is an example of a GM crop? A) A wheat plant grown with fertiliser B) A tomato plant grown in a greenhouse C) Golden Rice enriched with beta-carotene D) A rose bred for larger flowers by selective breeding Answer: C
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa
Fanya Mazoezi ya Maswali ya Majaribio
Ungependa kufanya mazoezi ya maswali ya majaribio kuhusu Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering)? Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT ili kupata maswali ya majaribio na tathmini kamili za mazoezi kuhusu mada hii.
Pakua Programu Kwenye Google Playstore
Kila kitu unachohitaji ili kufaulu katika JAMB, WAEC & NECO.
