Formulae, Functional Groups And Terminology
Muhtasari
Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds, and carbon's talent for forming long chains and rings gives us millions of them. To make sense of so many compounds, chemists sort them into families that share a common reactive part. That shared part is the key to the whole subject.
In this lesson you will meet the idea of a homologous series, a family of compounds with the same functional group and the same general formula. You will learn what a functional group is and why every member of a family reacts in much the same way.
Malengo
- Draw and interpret the displayed formula of a molecule to show all the atoms and all the bonds.
- Write and interpret general formulae of compounds in the same homologous series, limited to: (a) alkanes, C H n 2n+2 (b) alkenes, C H n 2n (c) alcohols, C H OH n 2n+1 (d) carboxylic acids, C H COOH n 2n+1.
- Identify a functional group as an atom or group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of a homologous series.
- [Supplement] State that a structural formula is an unambiguous description of the way the atoms in a molecule are arranged, including CH =CH , 2 2 CH CH OH, CH COOCH 3 2 3 3.
- [Supplement] Define structural isomers as compounds with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulae, including C H as 4 10 CH CH CH CH and CH CH(CH )CH and 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 C H as CH CH CH=CH and CH CH=CHCH 4 8 3 2 2 3 3.
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- A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same: A. Colour B. Functional group and general formula C. Number of atoms D. Boiling point Answer: B
- The functional group of the alkenes is: A. -OH B. -COOH C. C=C double bond D. C-C single bond Answer: C
- Successive members of a homologous series differ by: A. CH4 B. CH2 C. H2O D. CO2 Answer: B
- The general formula of the alkanes is: A. CnH2n B. CnH2n+2 C. CnH2n+1OH D. CnH2n-2 Answer: B
- A functional group is the part of a molecule that determines its: A. Mass B. Colour C. Chemical reactions D. State Answer: C
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