The Mole Concept
Muhtasari
A balance in a school laboratory can tell you that a strip of magnesium weighs 0.1 g. What it cannot tell you, and what a chemist actually wants to know, is how much magnesium that is in the sense a chemical equation cares about. Equations are recipes written in amounts: two of these react with one of those. Balances are built to read grams. Somewhere between those two facts there has to be a translator, and the mole is it.
This lesson introduces the one unit that lets a laboratory balance speak the language of a chemical equation. You will learn the single sentence the specification uses to define a mole, see why the relative formula mass on a periodic table turns into a weighable quantity the moment you write g after it, and practise moving in both directions between a mass in grams and an amount in moles. By the end you will be able to look at 9.0 g of water and 22 g of carbon dioxide and say, without hesitation, that the two samples hold exactly the same amount of substance.
Malengo
- The relative formula mass of a substance, in grams, is known as one mole of that substance. Students should be able to use the relative formula mass of a substance to calculate the number of moles in a given mass of that substance and vice versa
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Maelezo ya Somo
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Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la The Mole Concept. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- The relative formula mass of magnesium oxide, MgO, is 40. What is the mass of one mole of magnesium oxide? A. 0.40 g B. 4.0 g C. 40 g D. 400 g Answer: C
- The relative formula mass of copper sulfate, CuSO4, is 159.5. What is the mass of 0.20 moles of copper sulfate? A. 3.19 g B. 31.9 g C. 79.75 g D. 319 g Answer: B
- A sample of sodium has a mass of 4.6 g. The relative atomic mass of sodium is 23. How many moles of sodium are in the sample? A. 0.20 mol B. 0.50 mol C. 2.0 mol D. 5.0 mol Answer: A
- 0.25 moles of a compound has a mass of 10 g. What is the relative formula mass of the compound? A. 2.5 B. 10 C. 40 D. 250 Answer: C
- Four samples each have a mass of 8.0 g. Which sample contains the greatest amount of substance in moles? Relative formula masses: H2O = 18, Mg = 24, MgO = 40, CO2 = 44. A. water, H2O B. magnesium, Mg C. magnesium oxide, MgO D. carbon dioxide, CO2 Answer: A
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