Drought
Muhtasari
Drought is the slow hazard. There is no sudden shock as with an earthquake or a storm; instead the rains simply fail, week after week, until the rivers shrink, the soil cracks and the crops wither. A drought is a period of dry weather longer or more severe than normal, and because it builds so quietly it is easy to underestimate until a region tips into water shortage, crop failure and even famine.
In this lesson you will learn what causes droughts, from natural shifts in rainfall and pressure to the human pressures of farming and climate change, and why a drought can feed on itself in a vicious circle. You will then follow the Environmental Management chain of cause, impact and management, using the devastating 2011 East Africa drought as a named example, and weigh up the strategies, from emergency water supplies to desalination, that communities use to survive when the rains do not come.
Malengo
- 6.4.1 Define a drought as a period of dry weather that is longer or more severe than normal.
- 6.4.2 Describe and explain the causes of drought, limited to: (a) lack of rain (b) climate change: increase in global temperatures and increase in extreme weather events.
- 6.4.3 Describe and explain the impacts of drought on people and the environment, limited to: (a) water sources dry up (b) loss of crops, livestock and habitats (c) soil erosion (d) desertification (e) death of organisms (f) famine (g) increased risk of wildfires (h) decrease in air quality (i) financial losses (j) human health.
- 6.4.4 Describe strategies for managing the impacts before, during and after a drought, limited to: (a) monitoring and warning (b) emergency water supplies (c) water conservation (d) increasing water supply (dams and reservoirs, use of aquifers and wells, desalination and rainwater harvesting) (e) international aid.
- 6.4.5 Discuss the benefits and limitations of strategies for managing the impacts before, during and after a drought.
Maelezo ya Somo
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Drought. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- A drought is best defined as: A. Any month with no rainfall B. A period of dry weather longer or more severe than normal for a region C. A permanent desert climate D. A single failed harvest Answer: B
- Which weather feature is most likely to bring a drought? A. A deep low-pressure system B. A persistent high-pressure system C. A warm front D. A tropical cyclone Answer: B
- The process by which once-fertile land turns into desert is called: A. Desalination B. Infiltration C. Desertification D. Transpiration Answer: C
- Which strategy increases the water supply during a drought? A. Drought-tolerant crops B. Reducing water waste C. Desalination of sea water D. Recycling water Answer: C
- Why can the loss of vegetation make a drought worse? A. It increases transpiration and rainfall B. It reduces transpiration, so less rain forms C. It raises the water table D. It cools the soil Answer: B
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa
Fanya Mazoezi ya Maswali ya Majaribio
Ungependa kufanya mazoezi ya maswali ya majaribio kuhusu Drought? Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT ili kupata maswali ya majaribio na tathmini kamili za mazoezi kuhusu mada hii.
Pakua Programu Kwenye Google Playstore
Kila kitu unachohitaji ili kufaulu katika JAMB, WAEC & NECO.
