Mathematics Specification B - 4MB1 PearsonEdexcel

Matrix Transformations

Muhtasari

Every 2 by 2 matrix secretly describes a way of moving every point in the plane at once: multiply a point's coordinates by the matrix and out comes its image after a reflection, a rotation, an enlargement, or a shear. Recognising which matrix produces which transformation, and combining several transformations into a single matrix, turns geometry into pure algebra.

This topic builds directly on matrix multiplication: you will meet the standard matrices for reflections in the coordinate axes and the lines y = x and y = -x, rotations about the origin, enlargements centred at the origin, and shears, then combine transformations by multiplying their matrices together.

Malengo

  1. Understand transformations of the plane associated with 2 x 2 matrices, including reflections, rotations about the origin and enlargements with centre at the origin
  2. Find and use combination of transformations using matrix multiplication

Maelezo ya Somo

Any point \((x, y)\) can be written as a column vector \(\begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \end{pmatrix}\). Multiplying this column vector by a 2 by 2 matrix produces a new column vector: the coordinates of the image point after a transformation. Every 2 by 2 matrix defines a transformation of the whole plane in exactly this way, and every transformation that can be described by a 2 by 2 matrix leaves the origin fixed, since multiplying the zero vector by any matrix always gives the zero vector back.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Matrix Transformations. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Which matrix represents a reflection in the y-axis? A) [[1,0],[0,-1]] B) [[-1,0],[0,1]] C) [[0,1],[1,0]] D) [[-1,0],[0,-1]] Answer: B
  2. Which matrix represents a 90 degree anticlockwise rotation about the origin? A) [[0,1],[-1,0]] B) [[0,-1],[1,0]] C) [[-1,0],[0,-1]] D) [[1,0],[0,1]] Answer: B
  3. The matrix [[4,0],[0,4]] represents: A) a rotation of 90 degrees B) a reflection in the x-axis C) an enlargement, scale factor 4, centre the origin D) a shear Answer: C
  4. If R is carried out first, followed by M, the matrix for the combined transformation is: A) RM B) MR C) R + M D) M - R Answer: B
  5. A matrix that represents a shear parallel to the x-axis has the form: A) [[1,0],[k,1]] B) [[1,k],[0,1]] C) [[k,0],[0,k]] D) [[0,1],[1,0]] Answer: B

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