Design & Technology: Product Design - 9252 OxfordAQA

Ecological And Social Footprint

Muhtasari

A pair of scissors costs three pounds. Somewhere an ore body was blasted and a hillside of waste rock moved to get at the iron; somewhere a furnace burned for hours; somewhere a moulding machine made the handles from oil that took a hundred million years to form; and a ship carried the finished pair four thousand miles. None of that is on the price tag, and all of it happened because a designer specified those materials and that factory.

This lesson is about the part of a product that never appears in the shop. You will learn the ecological issues the specification names, deforestation, mining minerals and drilling for oil and gas; the mileage of a product from raw material source through manufacture, distribution and user location to final disposal; that carbon is produced during the manufacture of products; and sustainability through the approach of the six Rs, which are reduce, refuse, re-use, repair, recycle and rethink. Then you will cover the social issues: designing safe products, providing safe working conditions, and reducing oceanic and atmospheric pollution while minimising the detrimental impact on others. This is specialist technical principles content, and it produced the single largest question on the specimen paper, an eight mark analyse and evaluate item that carried more marks than any other.

Malengo

  1. Ecological issues in the design and manufacture of products
  2. Deforestation, mining minerals, drilling for oil and gas. The mileage of product from raw material source, manufacture, distribution, user location and final disposal.
  3. That carbon is produced during the manufacture of products.
  4. Sustainability
  5. Using the approach of the six Rs: Reduce, refuse, re-use, repair, recycle and rethink.
  6. Social issues in the design and manufacture of products
  7. Designing safe products.
  8. Providing safe working conditions. Reducing oceanic/ atmospheric pollution and minimising the detrimental (negative) impact on others.

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Maelezo ya Somo

An ecological footprint is the total demand a product places on the natural world: the land disturbed, the material extracted, the energy burned, the water used and the waste left behind. A social footprint is the corresponding effect on people: who worked on it, in what conditions, who breathes the air near the factory, and who deals with it when it is thrown away.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Ecological And Social Footprint. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Which one of the following is one of the six Rs? A. Redesign B. Refuse C. Reinforce D. Remove Answer: B
  2. Which stage of a product's life does the specification list immediately after manufacture? A. Distribution B. Final disposal C. Raw material source D. User location Answer: A
  3. Acid rain is caused mainly by A. carbon dioxide and methane. B. nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. C. particulates and microbeads. D. mercury and lead. Answer: B
  4. A designer specifies screws instead of adhesive so that a worn part can be replaced. Which of the six Rs is this? A. Recycle B. Reduce C. Refuse D. Repair Answer: D
  5. Recycling aluminium is commonly said to use about what proportion of the energy needed to produce it from ore? A. 5 per cent B. 25 per cent C. 50 per cent D. 95 per cent Answer: A

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